New contributions to Diatrypaceae from karst areas in China.

In this study, fungal specimens of the family Diatrypaceae were collected from karst areas in Guizhou, Hainan and Yunnan Provinces, China. Morpho-molecular analyses confirmed that these new collections comprise a new genus , three new species (, and ), a new combination (), two new records ( and ) from China and two other known species ( and ). The new taxa are introduced, based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses (ITS, β-tubulin), as well as morphological analyses. The new genus is characterised by its wart-like stromata with 5-20 ascomata immersed in one stroma and the endostroma composed of thin black outer and inner layers of large white cells with thin, powdery, yellowish cells. These characteristics separate this genus from two similar genera and . Based on morphological as well as phylogenetic analyses, is introduced as a new species of . The stromata of are similar to those of and , but the ascospores are larger. Based on phylogenetic analyses, is transferred to the genus as while is introduced as a new species of with 8 spores in an ascus. In addition, multi-gene phylogenetic analyses show that is closely related to , but the ascomata and asci of are smaller. The polyphyletic nature of some genera of Diatrypaceae has led to confusion in the classification of the family, thus we discuss whether the number of ascospores per asci can still be used as a basis for classification.