Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng) and Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng 125100, People's Republic of China.
J Food Prot. 2022 Jan 1;85(1):98-103. doi: 10.4315/JFP-21-268.
The presence of pesticide residues in fruit has been of extensive concern worldwide. Pesticide residues in 150 litchi samples collected in the People's Republic of China were measured, and the dietary exposure risks to consumers were evaluated. The litchi samples were screened by gas chromatography and ultraperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the possible presence of 57 pesticides. Seventeen pesticides were detected, and 70.7% of samples contained residues of one or more pesticides. The most frequently detected pesticide (36% of samples) was diflubenzuron. Carbofuran in one sample exceeded its maximum residue limit by 125%. In dietary exposure assessments, all concentrations below the limit of detection (LOD) were calculated as 0, 0.5 × the LOD, or at the LOD separately, and these assessments indicated that the chronic health risks from these dietary exposures were extremely low. For acute exposures, carbofuran was at 11.08% of the acute reference dose, and all other pesticides were <2% of the acute reference dose. The findings indicated that the presence of pesticide residues in litchis should not be considered a public health problem.
水果中农药残留问题受到了全世界的广泛关注。本研究对中国市场上采集的 150 份荔枝样品进行了检测，评估了消费者的膳食暴露风险。采用气相色谱-串联质谱法对可能存在的 57 种农药进行了筛查，结果在 17 种农药中检出了 17 种农药残留，70.7%的样品中检出了一种或多种农药残留。检出频率最高的农药（36%的样品）是除虫脲。有一份样品中的呋喃丹含量超过了最大残留限量 125%。在膳食暴露评估中，低于检测限（LOD）的所有浓度均分别计算为 0、LOD 的 0.5 倍或 LOD。这些评估结果表明，这些膳食暴露导致的慢性健康风险极低。急性暴露评估中，呋喃丹占急性参考剂量的 11.08%，其他所有农药均低于急性参考剂量的 2%。研究结果表明，荔枝中的农药残留问题不应被视为公共卫生问题。
