State Key Laboratory of Southwest Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Sichuan Institute for Drug Control, Chengdu 611731, China.
Molecules. 2022 Jan 18;27(3):622. doi: 10.3390/molecules27030622.
With the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and the increasing use of herbal medicines around the world, there are concerns over their safety. In recent years, there have been some sporadic reports of pesticide residues in Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CX), although the lack of systematic and comprehensive analyses of pesticide residues and evaluations of toxicological risks in human health has increased the uncertainty of the potential effects of pesticides exposure in humans. This study aimed to clarify the status of pesticide residues and to determine the health risks of pesticide residues in CX. The findings of this study revealed that 99 batches of CX samples contained pesticide residues ranging from 0.05 to 3013.17 μg/kg. Here, 6-22 kinds of pesticides were detected in each sample. Prometryn, carbendazim, dimethomorph, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, pyraclostrobin, and paclobutrazol were the most frequently detected pesticides, with detection rates of 68.69-100%. Insecticides and fungicides accounted for 43.23% and 37.84% of the total pesticides detected, respectively. Here, 86.87% of the pesticide content levels were lower than 50 μg/kg, and a small number of samples contained carbofuran, dimethoate, and isofenphos-methyl exceeding the maximum residue levels (MRLs). A risk assessment based on the hazard quotient/hazard index (HQ/HI) approach revealed that the short-term, long-term, and cumulative risks of pesticide residues in CX are well below the levels that may pose a health risk. Worryingly, six banned pesticides (carbofuran, phorate sulfone, phorate-sulfoxide, isofenphos-methyl, terbufos-sulfone, and terbufoxon sulfoxide) were detected. This study has improved our understanding of the potential exposure risk of pesticide multi-residues in CX. The results of the study will have a positive impact on improving the quality and safety of CX and the development of MRLs for pesticide residues.
随着中药（TCM）的国际化和草药在全球范围内的使用增加，人们对其安全性表示担忧。近年来，虽然有关川芎中农药残留的系统性和全面分析以及对人类健康的毒理学风险评估缺乏，但增加了人类暴露于农药的潜在影响的不确定性。本研究旨在阐明农药残留的现状，并确定川芎中农药残留的健康风险。本研究的结果表明，99 批川芎样品含有 0.05 至 3013.17 μg/kg 的农药残留。在每个样品中检测到 6-22 种农药。扑灭津、多菌灵、代森锰锌、毒死蜱、氯虫苯甲酰胺、吡唑醚菌酯和戊唑醇是最常检测到的农药，检出率为 68.69-100%。杀虫剂和杀菌剂分别占总检出农药的 43.23%和 37.84%。其中，86.87%的农药含量水平低于 50 μg/kg，少数样品含有超过最大残留限量（MRLs）的克百威、乐果和异丙威。基于危害系数/危害指数（HQ/HI）方法的风险评估表明，川芎中农药残留的短期、长期和累积风险远低于可能对健康造成风险的水平。令人担忧的是，检测到六种禁用农药（克百威、硫丹砜、硫丹砜氧化物、异丙威、涕灭砜砜和涕灭砜砜氧化物）。本研究提高了我们对川芎中农药多残留潜在暴露风险的认识。该研究的结果将对提高川芎的质量和安全性以及制定农药残留 MRL 产生积极影响。
