National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Indonesia National Population and Family Planning Board, East Java Region, Surabaya, Indonesia
Rural Remote Health. 2021 Sep;21(3):6639. doi: 10.22605/RRH6639. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
Adolescent pregnancy remains a difficult problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. Pregnancy at an early age is a risk factor for maternal and infant mortality. A recent report indicates that adolescent pregnancy is even higher in rural areas. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors associated with adolescent pregnancy in rural Indonesia and formulate intervention actions to reduce the teenage pregnancy rate.
Participatory action research (PAR) was conducted in the rural area of Mesuji District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Six meetings, including four focus group discussions (FGDs), were held. The FGDs were audio-recorded and transcribed for inductive analysis. Themes emergent from the data were discussed with the local collaborators to achieve agreement.
Five factors were identified as determinants of adolescent pregnancy. They were low uptake of reproductive health services, low educational attainment, juvenile delinquency, poverty, and social and cultural norms. The intervention actions taken included income generation and reproductive health education.
This study verifies previous studies' findings that adolescent pregnancy determinants are mostly socioeconomic factors. These findings are essential because adolescents in this study setting endure significant disparities in health services and socioeconomic opportunities. Without sufficient intervention relating to these adolescents' needs and perceptions, the gap will continue to grow.
Socioeconomic factors influence adolescent pregnancy. Cross-sectoral cooperation and active community participation are needed to address the problem. PAR is useful to explore the causes of health issues and promote active community participation.
青少年怀孕仍然是发展中国家（包括印度尼西亚）的一个难题。未成年怀孕是母婴死亡率的一个风险因素。最近的一份报告表明，农村地区的青少年怀孕率甚至更高。因此，本研究旨在确定印度尼西亚农村地区青少年怀孕的相关因素，并制定干预措施来降低青少年怀孕率。
在印度尼西亚楠榜省梅西区的农村地区开展了参与式行动研究（PAR）。共举行了六次会议，包括四次焦点小组讨论（FGD）。FGD 进行了录音，并进行了归纳分析的转录。从数据中得出的主题与当地合作者进行了讨论，以达成一致意见。
确定了五个与青少年怀孕相关的因素。它们是生殖健康服务利用率低、教育程度低、青少年犯罪、贫困以及社会和文化规范。采取的干预措施包括增加收入和生殖健康教育。
本研究证实了之前研究的发现，即青少年怀孕的决定因素主要是社会经济因素。这些发现很重要，因为在研究背景下，这些青少年在卫生服务和社会经济机会方面存在显著差异。如果没有充分干预涉及这些青少年的需求和观念，差距将继续扩大。
社会经济因素影响青少年怀孕。需要跨部门合作和社区的积极参与来解决这个问题。PAR 可用于探讨健康问题的原因，并促进社区的积极参与。
