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Notes from the Field: Xylazine, a Veterinary Tranquilizer, Identified as an Emerging Novel Substance in Drug Overdose Deaths - Connecticut, 2019-2020.

作者信息

Thangada Shobha, Clinton Heather A, Ali Sarah, Nunez Jacqueline, Gill James R, Lawlor Robert F, Logan Susan B

出版信息

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Sep 17;70(37):1303-1304. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7037a5.

DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm7037a5
PMID:34529638
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8445375/
Abstract
摘要

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1
Notes from the Field: Xylazine, a Veterinary Tranquilizer, Identified as an Emerging Novel Substance in Drug Overdose Deaths - Connecticut, 2019-2020.实地报告：2019 - 2020年康涅狄格州，兽用镇静剂赛拉嗪被认定为药物过量死亡中的一种新兴新型物质。
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Sep 17;70(37):1303-1304. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7037a5.
2
Severe intoxication with the veterinary tranquilizer xylazine in humans.人类因兽用镇静剂赛拉嗪而发生的严重中毒。
J Anal Toxicol. 2001 May-Jun;25(4):245-9. doi: 10.1093/jat/25.4.245.
3
Xylazine, a Veterinary Tranquilizer, Detected in 42 Accidental Fentanyl Intoxication Deaths.在 42 例意外芬太尼中毒死亡案例中检测到兽医镇静剂唑拉西泮。
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2021 Mar 1;42(1):9-11. doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000622.
4
Notes from the Field: Xylazine Detection and Involvement in Drug Overdose Deaths - United States, 2019.实地记录：2019年美国赛拉嗪检测及其与药物过量死亡的关联
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5
Case report of accidental poisoning with the tranquilizer xylazine and the anesthetic ketamine confirmed by qualitative and quantitative toxicological analysis using GC-MS and LC-MS(n.).使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）和液相色谱-质谱联用仪（LC-MS(n.)）进行定性和定量毒理学分析确诊的甲苯噻嗪镇静剂和氯胺酮麻醉剂意外中毒病例报告
Drug Test Anal. 2013 Sep-Oct;5(9-10):785-9. doi: 10.1002/dta.1475. Epub 2013 Apr 1.
6
Systemic toxicity after an ocular exposure to xylazine hydrochloride.眼部接触盐酸赛拉嗪后的全身毒性。
J Emerg Med. 2006 May;30(4):407-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2006.02.042.
7
Xylazine (veterinary sedative) use in Puerto Rico.在波多黎各使用苯环己哌啶（兽医镇静剂）。
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2011 Apr 11;6:7. doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-6-7.
8
Human overdose with the veterinary tranquilizer xylazine.人类过量服用兽用镇静剂赛拉嗪。
Am J Emerg Med. 1986 May;4(3):222-4. doi: 10.1016/0735-6757(86)90070-7.
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Illicit Drugs May Contain Veterinary Tranquilizer.非法药物可能含有兽用镇静剂。
Am J Nurs. 2023 Mar 1;123(3):20-21. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000921792.11581.83.
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Human xylazine overdose: a comparative review with clonidine, phenothiazines, and tricyclic antidepressants.人类赛拉嗪过量：与可乐定、吩噻嗪类药物和三环类抗抑郁药的比较性综述
Clin Toxicol. 1981 Jun;18(6):663-78. doi: 10.3109/15563658108990293.

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Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists exacerbate fentanyl-elicited respiratory depression and confer resistance to naloxone rescue in mice.合成大麻素受体激动剂会加剧芬太尼引起的呼吸抑制，并使小鼠对纳洛酮的抢救产生耐药性。
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Xylazine induces dopamine release and augments the effects of fentanyl.赛拉嗪可诱导多巴胺释放并增强芬太尼的作用。
J Clin Invest. 2024 Nov 15;134(22):e183354. doi: 10.1172/JCI183354.
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Implications of xylazine exposure in pregnancy: a narrative review.孕期接触赛拉嗪的影响：一项叙述性综述。
J Addict Dis. 2024 Aug 21:1-8. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2024.2391156.
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Xylazine in illicit drug mixtures: a growing threat and overlooked danger.非法药物混合物中的赛拉嗪：日益严重的威胁与被忽视的危险。
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2024 May 20;86(7):3816-3819. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002190. eCollection 2024 Jul.
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Wastewater Surveillance for Xylazine in Kentucky.肯塔基州对赛拉嗪的废水监测
AJPM Focus. 2024 Feb 9;3(3):100203. doi: 10.1016/j.focus.2024.100203. eCollection 2024 Jun.
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High-dose naloxone formulations are not as essential as we thought.高剂量纳洛酮制剂并不像我们想象的那么重要。
Harm Reduct J. 2024 May 13;21(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12954-024-00994-z.
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Xylazine: A Drug Adulterant of Clinical Concern.苯环己哌啶：一种具有临床关注的药物掺杂物。
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2024 May;28(5):417-426. doi: 10.1007/s11916-024-01211-z. Epub 2024 Mar 20.
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A confirmed case of xylazine-induced skin ulcers in a person who injects drugs in Miami, Florida, USA.美国佛罗里达州迈阿密的一名注射吸毒者出现苯佐卡因诱导的皮肤溃疡确诊病例。
Harm Reduct J. 2024 Mar 15;21(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12954-024-00978-z.
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Volatile drug use and overdose during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.美国 COVID-19 大流行第一年的挥发性药物使用和过量用药情况。
Int J Drug Policy. 2024 Apr;126:104371. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104371. Epub 2024 Mar 5.
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Xylazine in Overdose Deaths and Forensic Drug Reports in US States, 2019-2022.2019-2022 年美国各州过量死亡和法医毒品报告中的苯环己哌啶
JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Jan 2;7(1):e2350630. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50630.

本文引用的文献

1
Naloxone reversal of clonidine toxicity: dose, dose, dose.纳洛酮逆转可乐定毒性：剂量，剂量，还是剂量。
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2018 Oct;56(10):873-879. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2018.1450986. Epub 2018 Mar 16.
2
The Never-Ending Public Health Issue of Adulterants in Abused Drugs.滥用药物中掺假物这一永无休止的公共卫生问题。
J Anal Toxicol. 2016 Sep;40(7):561-2. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkw051. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
3
The emerging of xylazine as a new drug of abuse and its health consequences among drug users in Puerto Rico.在波多黎各的药物滥用者中，作为一种新型滥用药物的苯环己哌啶的出现及其健康后果。
J Urban Health. 2012 Jun;89(3):519-26. doi: 10.1007/s11524-011-9662-6.
4
Xylazine (veterinary sedative) use in Puerto Rico.在波多黎各使用苯环己哌啶（兽医镇静剂）。
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2011 Apr 11;6:7. doi: 10.1186/1747-597X-6-7.
5
Xylazine abuse: a rare cause of syncope.赛拉嗪滥用：晕厥的罕见原因。
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007;45(3):309-11. doi: 10.1080/15563650601073520.
6
Severe intoxication from xylazine inhalation.吸入赛拉嗪导致严重中毒。
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2001 Dec;17(6):447-8. doi: 10.1097/00006565-200112000-00012.