个体怀旧疗法对老年人适应困难的影响：一项随机临床试验。
The effect of individual reminiscence therapy on adaptation difficulties of the elderly: a randomized clinical trial.
机构信息
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Faculty of Nursing, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
出版信息
Psychogeriatrics. 2021 Nov;21(6):869-880. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12761. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND
Reminiscence therapy is one of various interventions that can be made to protect and improve the mental health of the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of individual reminiscence therapy given during home visits on adaptation difficulties.
METHOD
This was a randomized controlled, single-blind study designed with a pretest-post-test and follow-up pattern. We divided the participants, 65 elderly people living in Isparta, Turkey, by simple randomization into intervention (31) and control (34) groups. Individual reminiscence therapy was applied to the intervention group participants for eight weeks during house visits once a week. The weekly topics of the reminiscence therapy included childhood, business life, married life, old items, holidays, traditional dishes, and songs and movies, and were all culture-specific. No intervention was applied to the control group. Study data were collected by using a Sociodemographic Data Form created by the researchers, the Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly (ASADE), and the Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients (NOSGER). Pretest, post-test, and follow-up data were collected at the individuals' homes in face-to-face interviews.
RESULTS
After the eight-week course of reminiscence therapy, there was a significant decrease in the ASADE mean score for the intervention group (P = 0.003) and a significant increase for the control group (P < 0.001). Significant increases were also found in the mean NOSGER scores for the intervention (P = 0.039) and control (P < 0.001) groups; however, the score increase was higher for the control than for the intervention group. Also, there was a significant difference in the ASADE (P < 0,001) and NOSGER (P = 0.01) mean scores of the intervention and control groups.
CONCLUSION
This study found that individual reminiscence therapy decreased adaptation difficulties in the elderly.
背景
回忆疗法是可以用来保护和改善老年人心理健康的各种干预措施之一。本研究的目的是评估家访中进行的个体回忆疗法对适应困难的影响。
方法
这是一项随机对照、单盲研究，设计采用前测-后测和随访模式。我们通过简单随机化将土耳其伊斯帕尔塔的 65 名老年人分为干预组（31 人）和对照组（34 人）。在每周一次的家访中，对干预组参与者进行为期八周的个体回忆疗法。回忆疗法的每周主题包括童年、职业生涯、婚姻生活、旧物品、假期、传统菜肴、歌曲和电影，这些主题都是具有文化特色的。对照组不进行干预。研究数据通过研究者创建的社会人口统计学数据表格、老年人适应困难评估量表（ASADE）和老年患者护士观察量表（NOSGER）收集。在面对面访谈中，在个人家中收集前测、后测和随访数据。
结果
在八周的回忆疗法课程后，干预组的 ASADE 平均分显著下降（P=0.003），对照组显著上升（P<0.001）。干预组的 NOSGER 平均分也显著增加（P=0.039），对照组显著增加（P<0.001）；然而，对照组的得分增加高于干预组。此外，干预组和对照组的 ASADE（P<0.001）和 NOSGER（P=0.01）平均分差异均有统计学意义。
结论
本研究发现个体回忆疗法可以降低老年人的适应困难。
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