Harlan L C, Polk B F, Cooper S, Blaszkowski T P, Ignatius-Smith J, Stromer M, Mull H
Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20205.
Am J Prev Med. 1986 Sep-Oct;2(5):256-61.
The effects of labeling a person as hypertensive have important implications for hypertension screening. The Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program (HDFP) provides an opportunity to examine the effects of labeling, treatment, and study assignment on a large group of hypertensives (n = 10,070). Their answers to questions regarding perceived health and general well-being asked at baseline and again one year later were analyzed. There was no significant change in the perceived health status of persons who were unaware of their hypertension at baseline and remained untreated at one year (labeling alone). The effect of labeling plus treatment was associated with a significant decrease in perceived health. The effect of antihypertensive drug therapy on perceived health status was examined in persons who were aware of their hypertension but not on treatment at baseline, and on treatment at one year. The stepped care group (SC) had a significant improvement in their perceived health and a significant decrease in the amount of time spent worrying about their health. The referred care group (RC) had no change. Program assignment effects were studied in individuals aware of their hypertension and on treatment both at baseline and one year later. Both the SC and RC groups had a significant improvement in their perceptions of their health status. The SC group had a significant decrease in time spent worrying about their health, while the RC group showed no change. These reassuring results fail to support the suggestion that labeling persons as hypertensive is necessarily followed by negative psychological consequences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
将一个人标记为高血压患者对高血压筛查具有重要意义。高血压检测与随访项目（HDFP）提供了一个机会，来研究标记、治疗和研究分配对一大群高血压患者（n = 10,070）的影响。分析了他们在基线时以及一年后再次被问到的关于自我感知健康和总体幸福感问题的答案。在基线时未意识到自己患有高血压且一年后仍未接受治疗的人（仅标记），其自我感知健康状况没有显著变化。标记加治疗的效果与自我感知健康的显著下降相关。对在基线时意识到自己患有高血压但未接受治疗、一年后接受治疗的人群，研究了抗高血压药物治疗对自我感知健康状况的影响。阶梯式护理组（SC）的自我感知健康有显著改善，且担心自身健康所花费的时间显著减少。转诊护理组（RC）则没有变化。在基线时和一年后都意识到自己患有高血压且正在接受治疗的个体中研究了项目分配的影响。SC组和RC组对自身健康状况的认知都有显著改善。SC组担心自身健康所花费的时间显著减少，而RC组则没有变化。这些令人安心的结果并不支持将人标记为高血压患者必然会带来负面心理后果的观点。（摘要截选至250词）
