Meng Zhu, Liu Qingqing, Zhang Yan, Chen Jiahong, Sun Zhipeng, Ren Chunhuan, Zhang Zijun, Cheng Xiao, Huang Yafeng
Department of Animal Science and Technology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei China.
Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County Chuzhou China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Jul 22;9(9):5244-5262. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2342. eCollection 2021 Sep.
The review evaluates faba bean ( L.; FB) seeds relative to their nutritional composition, their content of antinutritional factors, and their impact on animal performance. The literature indicates that FB plant is a cool-season, annual grain legume that grows the best in cool and humid conditions. Its seeds are rich in protein, energy, and mineral compounds and have particularly high unsaturated fatty acid levels. However, FB seeds also contain various proportions of antinutritional factors (ANFs) that can interfere with nutrient utilization in nonruminants. The various processing methods are efficient in either reducing or inactivating the ANFs of FB seeds, with extrusion treatment offering the most effective method of improving apparent nutrient and energy digestibility of nonruminants. In vivo studies on ruminants, pigs, poultry, and fishes reveal that FB seeds have the potential to be used as a substitute for soybean meal and/or cereal seeds in livestock diets in order to support milk, meat, and/or egg production.
本综述评估了蚕豆（L.；FB）种子的营养成分、抗营养因子含量及其对动物生产性能的影响。文献表明，蚕豆植株是一种冷季一年生谷物豆类，在凉爽湿润的条件下生长最佳。其种子富含蛋白质、能量和矿物质化合物，不饱和脂肪酸水平尤其高。然而，蚕豆种子也含有不同比例的抗营养因子（ANFs），这些抗营养因子会干扰非反刍动物的营养利用。各种加工方法在降低或灭活蚕豆种子的抗营养因子方面很有效，挤压处理是提高非反刍动物表观养分和能量消化率的最有效方法。对反刍动物、猪、家禽和鱼类的体内研究表明，蚕豆种子有潜力在牲畜日粮中替代豆粕和/或谷物种子，以支持牛奶、肉类和/或蛋类生产。
