Yotsumoto Haruki, Kaneko Hidehiro, Itoh Hidetaka, Kamon Tatsuya, Kiriyama Hiroyuki, Fujiu Katsuhito, Takeda Norifumi, Morita Hiroyuki, Komuro Issei
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Glob Health Med. 2021 Aug 31;3(4):203-213. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2020.01077.
According to the statistics for 2018 in Japan, cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease were the most common causes of death (cardiovascular disease with 208,210, cerebrovascular disease with 108,165), and these two diseases account for 23.2% of all deaths. Stroke, especially cerebral hemorrhage, was the main cause of death in Japan after World War II. Along with improved management of hypertension, the mortality rate from cerebral hemorrhage reached a high of 266.7 per 100,000 men in 1960 and 213.9 per 100,000 women in 1951, then decreased to 15.9 per 100,000 men and 6.9 per 100,000 women in 2013. However, mortality from lifestyle-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome and ischemic heart disease has been on the rise since 1990 due to the westernization of diet, urban lifestyles, and lack of exercise habits. Moreover, since aging is the greatest risk factor for heart failure, the number of patients with heart failure in Japan will inevitably increase in the future. A large amount of evidence has demonstrated that prevention and proper management of risk factors can reduce the future incidence of cardiovascular disease. Specific health checkups (metabolic syndrome checkups) have been carried out in Japan since 2008. Big data on physical examinations are valuable real-world data that can be utilized for clinical research. As the importance of preventive cardiology increases in the future, we should analyze the real-world data from health checkups in Japan in detail and disseminate these results to clinical practice, which will contribute to development of preventive cardiology and the promotion of public health.
根据日本2018年的统计数据，心血管疾病和脑血管疾病是最常见的死亡原因（心血管疾病死亡人数为208,210人，脑血管疾病死亡人数为108,165人），这两种疾病占所有死亡人数的23.2%。中风，尤其是脑出血，是二战后日本的主要死因。随着高血压管理的改善，脑出血死亡率在1960年达到每10万名男性266.7人、1951年达到每10万名女性213.9人的高点，然后在2013年降至每10万名男性15.9人、每10万名女性6.9人。然而，由于饮食西化、城市生活方式以及缺乏运动习惯，自1990年以来，代谢综合征和缺血性心脏病等生活方式相关疾病的死亡率一直在上升。此外，由于老龄化是心力衰竭的最大风险因素，日本未来心力衰竭患者数量将不可避免地增加。大量证据表明，预防和妥善管理风险因素可以降低未来心血管疾病的发病率。日本自2008年开始进行特定的健康检查（代谢综合征检查）。体检大数据是可用于临床研究的宝贵真实世界数据。随着未来预防心脏病学的重要性不断提高，我们应该详细分析日本健康检查的真实世界数据，并将这些结果推广到临床实践中，这将有助于预防心脏病学的发展和公共卫生的促进。
