Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland (Clinic of Occupational, Metabolic and Internal Diseases).
Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland (Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022 Feb 15;35(1):53-62. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01765. Epub 2021 Sep 16.
The aim of the presented study was to compare the health locus of control (HLC) between employed and unemployed patients after kidney transplantation (KT), and to investigate the relationship between HLC and the quality of life (QoL).
The study group consisted of 101 KT patients and the control group of 60 hemodialysis (HD) patients. The applied methods were: the (MHLC), the (WHOQoL-BREF), and a survey collecting information on the socio-demographic status and work experience.
Overall, 57.5% of KT patients were employed and 42.5% were unemployed. In the HD group, 25% were employed and 71% were unemployed, while 4% did not disclose their employment status. The unemployed KT patients, in comparison with the employed ones, presented a higher feeling of the impact of chance on their health (unemployed M±SD 23.68±6.59; employed M±SD 21.02±4.57) and a lower level of QoL on the (unemployed Me = 14.00, IQR = 3.00; employed Me = 1450, IQR = 3.00) and the (unemployed M±SD 15.39±2.83; employed M±SD 16.85±3.24). In the employed KT group, the (MHLC) correlated with all QoL scales (the : r = 0.292, p = 0.036; the : r = 0.455, p = 0.001; the : r = 0.304, p = 0.029; and the : r = 0.307, p = 0.027). In the unemployed KT group, the (MHLC) correlated significantly with the (r = 0.396, p = 0.013) and the (r = 0.374, p = 0.019).
The employed KT patients have a higher level of independence, with results indicating a strong internal type. Additionally, the working patients assess their QoL better, both in terms of their health condition and the organization of satisfying environment. The obtained knowledge about the psychological characteristics of KT patients may be useful for the occupational activation programs and psycho-education for those with weaker predispositions. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(1):53-62.
本研究旨在比较肾移植（KT）后就业和失业患者的健康控制源（HLC），并探讨 HLC 与生活质量（QoL）之间的关系。
研究组包括 101 名 KT 患者和对照组 60 名血液透析（HD）患者。应用方法为：多维度健康控制源量表（MHLC）、世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQoL-BREF）和一份收集社会人口统计学状况和工作经验信息的调查问卷。
总体而言，57.5%的 KT 患者就业，42.5%失业。HD 组中，25%就业，71%失业，4%未透露就业状况。与就业患者相比，失业 KT 患者对健康受机遇影响的感受更高（失业者 M±SD 23.68±6.59；就业者 M±SD 21.02±4.57），生活质量更低，WHOQoL-BREF 量表（失业者 Me = 14.00，IQR = 3.00；就业者 Me = 1450，IQR = 3.00）和 MHLC 量表（失业者 M±SD 15.39±2.83；就业者 M±SD 16.85±3.24）。在就业的 KT 组中，MHLC 与所有 QoL 量表均相关（：r = 0.292，p = 0.036；：r = 0.455，p = 0.001；：r = 0.304，p = 0.029；：r = 0.307，p = 0.027）。在失业的 KT 组中，MHLC 与 （r = 0.396，p = 0.013）和 （r = 0.374，p = 0.019）显著相关。
就业的 KT 患者具有更高的独立性，结果表明他们具有强烈的内在型。此外，工作患者对自己的健康状况和满足环境的组织有更好的生活质量评估。对 KT 患者心理特征的了解可能对那些工作积极性较弱的患者的职业激活计划和心理教育有用。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2022；35（1）：53-62。
