The Israel Centre for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
The Israel Centre for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
EBioMedicine. 2021 Oct;72:103574. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103574. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
The rapid vaccination campaign against COVID-19 in Israel relied on the BNT162b2 vaccine. We performed a longitudinal analysis of multiple cohorts, using individual data, to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine against new and breakthrough cases.
We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for 27 consecutive cohorts, each comprised of individuals vaccinated on specific days. VE against new COVID-19 cases was evaluated for five SARS-CoV-2-related outcomes: infection, symptomatic disease, hospitalisation, severe/critical disease and death. For breakthrough cases, rate reduction was evaluated for hospitalisation, severe/critical disease and death. Outcomes were evaluated at predetermined time-periods after vaccination, the last one dedicated to individuals who became SARS-CoV-2-positive 22-28 days after the second dose.
The highest VE estimates against new cases in ≥16 year old individuals, for all outcomes, were reached at the 15-21 day period after the second dose, ranging between 97.7% (95% CI: 95.9-98.7%) for deaths and 98.6% (95% CI: 97.8-99.1%) for severe/critical disease. VE estimates of the 14-20 day period after the first dose ranged between 54.3% (95% CI: 50.6-57.8%) for infection and 77.3% (95% CI: 71.2-82.1%) for severe/critical disease. VE rose more slowly among ≥80 year old individuals. Rate reductions of breakthrough complications were highest at the 22-28 day period after the second dose, ranging between 47.4% (95% CI: 4.3-71.2%) for death and 66.2% (95% CI: 44.2-79.6%) for severe/critical disease.
The BNT162 vaccine is highly effective in preventing new SARS-CoV-2 cases. Among ≥80 year old individuals, high effectiveness develops more slowly. In breakthrough cases, vaccination reduces complications and death.
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以色列迅速开展了针对 COVID-19 的疫苗接种运动，主要使用了 BNT162b2 疫苗。我们利用个人数据对多个队列进行了纵向分析，以评估该疫苗对新发和突破性病例的有效性。
我们对 27 个连续的队列进行了疫苗有效性（VE）估计，每个队列由特定日期接种疫苗的个体组成。评估了针对 5 种与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的结果的疫苗有效性：感染、有症状疾病、住院、重症/危重症和死亡。对于突破性病例，评估了住院、重症/危重症和死亡的发生率降低。在接种后预定的时间段内评估了结果，最后一个时间段专门针对第二剂疫苗接种后 22-28 天 COVID-19 检测呈阳性的个体。
≥16 岁个体中，针对所有结果的新发病例的最高 VE 估计值在第二次接种后 15-21 天达到，范围在死亡的 97.7%（95%CI：95.9-98.7%）和重症/危重症的 98.6%（95%CI：97.8-99.1%）之间。第一次接种后 14-20 天的 VE 估计值范围在感染的 54.3%（95%CI：50.6-57.8%）和重症/危重症的 77.3%（95%CI：71.2-82.1%）之间。≥80 岁个体中的 VE 增长较慢。第二次接种后 22-28 天突破性并发症的发生率降低幅度最大，范围在死亡的 47.4%（95%CI：4.3-71.2%）和重症/危重症的 66.2%（95%CI：44.2-79.6%）之间。
BNT162 疫苗对预防新发 SARS-CoV-2 病例非常有效。在≥80 岁的个体中，高有效性的发展较为缓慢。在突破性病例中，疫苗接种可降低并发症和死亡率。
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