Saito A, Tuchitani Y, Ueda K, Nakano H
Division of Cardiology, Shizuoka Children's Hospital.
J Cardiol. 1987 Sep;17(3):567-76.
Morphology of the common pulmonary venous chamber and its spatial relationship to the left atrium were investigated in 19 patients with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection using two-dimensional echocardiography. The subjects were 12 males and seven females, ranging in age from newborn to 11 months with a median age of 34 days. Nine of the 19 patients were less than one month; 15 of 19 were less than two months. Ten patients had the supracardiac type (type I); three, the cardiac type (type II); and six, the infracardiac type (type III). To image the common pulmonary venous chamber the suprasternal short-axis coronal plane was used. The chamber was recorded simultaneously with the right pulmonary artery. A more anterior angulation for this view facilitated imaging the left atrium. The outlines of both the chamber and left atrium were traced. We calculated (1) the ratio of the width to the height of the chamber (W/H), (2) the angle made by the direction of the long-axis of the chamber and a horizontal line (Axis), (3) the quotient of the distance from the center of chamber to the bottom of the left atrium divided by the longitudinal dimension of the left atrium (B/A) and (4) the product of the width and height of the chamber (W x H). The W/H was 1.94 +/- 0.29 (type I); 1.21 +/- 0.27 (type II); and 0.63 +/- 0.15 (type III). There were statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01) among all types. The width was greater than the height in types I and II, but the height was greater than the width in type III. Axes were -19.0 +/- 5.7 degrees (type I); -5.1 +/- 5.0 (type II); and 91.7 +/- 9.3 (type III). There were statistically significant differences between all of the types (p less than 0.01). The long-axis was horizontal in types I and II, and vertical in type III. The B/A was 0.74 +/- 0.13 (type I); 0.57 +/- 0.10 (type II); and -0.04 +/- 0.30 (type III). There was a significant difference between type III and all other types (p less than 0.01). The common pulmonary venous chamber was located slightly superiorly to the left atrium in types I and II, but it was located inferiorly to the left atrium. In the six patients with type III, both lower pulmonary veins were located more inferiorly than the lower border of the left atrium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
采用二维超声心动图对19例完全性肺静脉异位连接患者的共同肺静脉腔形态及其与左心房的空间关系进行了研究。研究对象为12例男性和7例女性，年龄从新生儿至11个月，中位年龄34天。19例患者中9例小于1个月；19例中有15例小于2个月。10例为心上型（I型）；3例为心内型（II型）；6例为心下型（III型）。为显示共同肺静脉腔，采用胸骨上短轴冠状面。该腔与右肺动脉同时记录。此视图更向前的角度便于显示左心房。描绘了腔和左心房的轮廓。我们计算了：（1）腔的宽高比（W/H）；（2）腔长轴方向与水平线的夹角（轴）；（3）腔中心至左心房底部的距离与左心房纵向尺寸的商（B/A）；（4）腔的宽与高的乘积（W×H）。W/H在I型为1.94±0.29；II型为1.21±0.27；III型为0.63±0.15。各型之间存在统计学显著差异（p<0.01）。I型和II型中宽度大于高度，但III型中高度大于宽度。轴在I型为-19.0±5.7度；II型为-5.1±5.0；III型为91.7±9.3。各型之间存在统计学显著差异（p<0.01）。I型和II型的长轴是水平的，III型是垂直的。B/A在I型为0.74±0.13；II型为0.57±0.10；III型为-0.04±0.30。III型与所有其他类型之间存在显著差异（p<0.01）。I型和II型中共同肺静脉腔位于左心房稍上方，但III型中它位于左心房下方。在6例III型患者中，两条下肺静脉均位于左心房下缘下方。（摘要截短至400字）
