Daikhes N A
National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology (NMRCO), Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia (FMBA), Moscow, Russia.
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
Her Russ Acad Sci. 2021;91(4):438-444. doi: 10.1134/S1019331621040018. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
The experience of the FMBA NMRCO of Russia in implementing the concept of an interdisciplinary approach and the use of new technologies in the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of diseases of the ENT organs is discussed. It is noted that otorhinolaryngology is closely associated with a number of basic medical sciences and related clinical disciplines, which is reflected in the structure of the center: in addition to otorhinolaryngological departments, in which high-tech surgical interventions on ENT organs are performed, there are scientific and clinical departments: maxillofacial and plastic surgery, ophthalmology and neurosurgery, as well as the country's only center for professional pathology of ENT organs. Thus, in the general structure of the NMRCO's medical services, the share of medical care in specialties related to otorhinolaryngology is about 40%. Several departments deal with oncological diseases of the head and neck organs. Complex high-tech surgeries of cancer patients are performed by interdisciplinary teams of maxillofacial surgeons, oncologists, otosurgeons, and neurosurgeons, and interaction with the departments of phoniatrics and physiotherapy and medical rehabilitation provides them with full-fledged postoperative rehabilitation. The NMRCO's experience shows that the widespread introduction of an interdisciplinary approach into clinical practice makes it possible to increase the efficiency of diagnostics, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with otorhinolaryngological pathology.
讨论了俄罗斯联邦医学科学院耳鼻喉科研究中心在实施跨学科方法概念以及在耳鼻喉器官疾病的诊断、治疗和康复中使用新技术方面的经验。值得注意的是，耳鼻喉科学与许多基础医学科学和相关临床学科密切相关，这在该中心的结构中得到了体现：除了进行耳鼻喉器官高科技手术干预的耳鼻喉科部门外，还有科学和临床部门：颌面与整形外科、眼科和神经外科，以及该国唯一的耳鼻喉器官专业病理学中心。因此，在研究中心医疗服务的总体结构中，与耳鼻喉科相关专业的医疗护理份额约为40%。有几个部门处理头颈部器官的肿瘤疾病。颌面外科医生、肿瘤学家、耳外科医生和神经外科医生组成的跨学科团队为癌症患者进行复杂的高科技手术，与语音治疗、物理治疗和医疗康复部门的互动为他们提供了全面的术后康复。研究中心的经验表明，将跨学科方法广泛引入临床实践能够提高耳鼻喉科病理患者的诊断、治疗和康复效率。
