Song Ye, Liu Jiayuan, Wang Jianzhong, Liu Fude
College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
Jinan Fruit Research Institute, All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Co-Operatives, Jinan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Sep 1;12:733882. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.733882. eCollection 2021.
(L.) Pall., a medicinal and edible plant, has green and red-violet ecotypes that exhibit different phenotypes, tastes, and growth characteristics. However, few studies have focused on these differences from the aspect of differentially expressed proteins under the conditions of different habitats in the field. In this study, two ecotypes of from the intertidal (control) and supratidal (treatment) habitats of the Yellow River Delta were selected. A total of 30 individual leaves were mixed into six samples (three biological replicates for each) and subjected to protein extraction by using tandem mass tag-labeled quantitative proteomic technology. A total of 4771 proteins were quantitated. They included 317 differentially expressed proteins (2.0-fold change, < 0.05), among which 143 were upregulated and the remaining 174 were downregulated. These differentially expressed proteins mainly participated in biological processes, such as response to stimulus, stress, and biotic stimulus; in molecular functions, such as methyltransferase activity, transferase activity, one-C group transfer, and tetrapyrrole binding; and in cell components, such as non-membrane-bound organelles, intracellular non-membrane-bound organelles, chromosomes, and photosystems. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly enriched in eight pathways, among which the ribosome, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis pathways had higher protein numbers than the other pathways. The upregulation of differentially expressed proteins related to the ribosome and photosynthesis increased the relative growth rate and reduced the : ratio of from the supratidal habitat, thereby improving its palatability. By contrast, most of the differentially expressed proteins involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were downregulated in from the intertidal habitat. This result indicated that from the intertidal habitat might accumulate flavonoids, lignin, and other secondary metabolites in its leaves that confer a bitter taste. However, these secondary metabolites might increase the medicinal value of from the intertidal habitat. This work could provide a theoretical basis and data support for the sustainable and high-value utilization of medicinal and edible plants from coastal wetlands.
（L.）Pall. 是一种药食两用植物，有绿色和红紫色生态型，表现出不同的表型、口味和生长特性。然而，很少有研究从野外不同生境条件下差异表达蛋白质的角度关注这些差异。在本研究中，选取了黄河三角洲潮间带（对照）和潮上带（处理）生境的两种生态型。将总共30片单叶混合成六个样本（每个样本三个生物学重复），并采用串联质谱标签标记的定量蛋白质组学技术进行蛋白质提取。共定量了4771种蛋白质。其中包括317种差异表达蛋白质（变化倍数≥2.0，P＜0.05），其中143种上调，其余174种下调。这些差异表达蛋白质主要参与生物过程，如对刺激、胁迫和生物刺激的反应；分子功能，如甲基转移酶活性、转移酶活性、一碳基团转移和四吡咯结合；以及细胞成分，如无膜细胞器、细胞内无膜细胞器、染色体和光系统。差异表达蛋白质主要富集在八条途径中，其中核糖体、苯丙烷生物合成和光合作用途径中的蛋白质数量高于其他途径。与核糖体和光合作用相关的差异表达蛋白质的上调增加了相对生长速率，并降低了潮上带生境中该植物的C:N比，从而改善了其适口性。相比之下，潮间带生境中参与苯丙烷生物合成的大多数差异表达蛋白质下调。这一结果表明，潮间带生境中的该植物可能在其叶片中积累黄酮类、木质素和其他次生代谢产物，从而产生苦味。然而，这些次生代谢产物可能会增加潮间带生境中该植物的药用价值。这项工作可为沿海湿地药食两用植物的可持续和高价值利用提供理论依据和数据支持。
