Van Alboom Maité, Baert Fleur, Wauters Aline, Beeckman Melanie, Maes Sarah, Kissi Ama, Veirman Elke, Van Ryckeghem Dimitri M L, De Paepe Annick, Poppe Louise
Ghent Health Psychology Lab, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, BE.
Physical Activity & Health Research Group, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, BE.
Psychol Belg. 2021 Sep 2;61(1):262-273. doi: 10.5334/pb.1089. eCollection 2021.
To limit the spread of COVID-19, many countries, including Belgium, have installed physical distancing measures. Yet, adherence to these newly installed behavioral measures has been described as challenging and effortful. Based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model, this study performed an in-depth evaluation of when, why, and how people deviated from the physical distancing measures.
An online mixed-method study was conducted among Belgian adults (N = 2055) in the beginning of May 2020. Participants were recruited via an open call through email and social media platforms, using snowball sampling. Conditions wherein people deviated from the physical distancing measures were assessed by means of an open-ended question. HAPA determinants were assessed in a quantitative way.
Half of the sample reported to deviate from the measures. Further, deviation from the measures was associated with each determinant outlined by the HAPA. Findings highlight that many people deviated from the measures because of their need for social contact. The majority of the people who deviated from the measures stated that they carefully weighed the risks of their behavior.
Need for social contact pushed people to deviate from physical distancing measures in a deliberate manner. Potential areas for future interventions aimed at promoting adherence to physical distancing measures and enhancing psychosocial well-being are discussed.
为了限制新冠病毒的传播，包括比利时在内的许多国家都实施了保持社交距离的措施。然而，人们一直认为遵守这些新实施的行为措施具有挑战性且需要付出努力。基于健康行动过程方法（HAPA）模型，本研究对人们何时、为何以及如何偏离保持社交距离的措施进行了深入评估。
2020年5月初，对比利时成年人（N = 2055）开展了一项在线混合方法研究。通过电子邮件和社交媒体平台公开招募参与者，采用滚雪球抽样法。通过一个开放式问题评估人们偏离保持社交距离措施的情况。以定量方式评估HAPA决定因素。
一半的样本报告称偏离了这些措施。此外，偏离这些措施与HAPA概述的每个决定因素都有关联。研究结果表明，许多人偏离这些措施是因为他们需要社交接触。大多数偏离这些措施的人表示，他们仔细权衡了自己行为的风险。
对社交接触的需求促使人们故意偏离保持社交距离的措施。讨论了未来干预措施的潜在领域，旨在促进对保持社交距离措施的遵守并提高心理社会幸福感。
