Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Jan;287(Pt 3):132219. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132219. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
A dust storm that formed in the north of China and the southeastern part of Mongolia in March 2021 significantly deteriorated air quality over a large area of East Asia. According to the synoptic pattern, the cause of the dust storm was a cyclone with a significant drop in pressure leading to high winds and dry components of the soil over parts of the Gobi Desert becoming airborne. Data obtained from ground-based air quality monitoring stations show that the observed hourly PM concentration greatly exceeded the recommended maximum of 150 μg/m with readings above 1500 μg/m in the cities of Tianjin, Baoding, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Zhoukou. In Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan, Jinnan, Xining, Baotou, and Jining. In Handan, it was over 2000 μg/m. Cities where PM concentration exceeded 3900 μg/m included Lanzhou, Hohhot, Changzhou, Alashan, Yan'an, Yulin, Hami, Jiuquan, Heze, Hotan, and Baiyin. Concentrations exceeded 7000 μg/m on March 15th over parts of the provinces of Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Ningxia, in the cities of Ordos, Jinchang, Wuwei and Zhongwei. According to satellite data, the area of dust covered approximately 450,000 km. MODIS and TROPOMI data demonstrated high aerosol optical depth (AOD) (more than 1) with a high ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI) (more than 2), confirming the predominance of dust particles during the storm. Data from CALIPSO show the presence of a dense layer of dust extending from the earth's surface to a height of about 8 km. The Dust Regional Atmospheric Model (BSC-DREAM8b) demonstrates high synchrony with the satellite's surface dust concentration data, ranging from 640 to 1280 μg/m, and exceeding 2650 μg/m in some areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze data from ground-based sensors, satellites, and atmospheric models to better understand the March 2021 dust storm event. The results may be useful for the implementation of protective and preventive measures for both the environment and human health, including air quality control.
2021 年 3 月，在中国北部和蒙古东南部形成的一场沙尘暴，使东亚大片地区的空气质量显著恶化。根据天气形势，沙尘暴的原因是一个气旋，气压显著下降导致部分戈壁沙漠的大风和干燥成分飞扬。来自地面空气质量监测站的数据表明，观测到的每小时 PM 浓度大大超过了 150μg/m 的建议最大值，在天津、保定、郑州、洛阳、周口等城市的读数超过 1500μg/m。在石家庄、太原、津南、西宁、包头和济宁。在邯郸，超过 2000μg/m。PM 浓度超过 3900μg/m 的城市包括兰州、呼和浩特、常州、阿拉善、延安、榆林、哈密、酒泉、菏泽、和田和白银。3 月 15 日，内蒙古、甘肃和宁夏部分地区以及鄂尔多斯、金昌、武威和中卫等城市的 PM 浓度超过 7000μg/m。根据卫星数据，尘区面积约为 45 万平方千米。MODIS 和 TROPOMI 数据显示气溶胶光学深度（AOD）高（超过 1），紫外线气溶胶指数（UVAI）高（超过 2），证实了风暴期间尘埃粒子的主导地位。CALIPSO 数据显示，从地面延伸到约 8 千米高度的密集尘层。沙尘区域大气模式（BSC-DREAM8b）与卫星表面尘浓度数据高度同步，范围从 640 到 1280μg/m，在一些地区超过 2650μg/m。本研究的目的是分析地面传感器、卫星和大气模型的数据，以更好地了解 2021 年 3 月的沙尘暴事件。结果可能对实施环境和人类健康的保护和预防措施有用，包括空气质量控制。
