乔治·弗洛伊德之死对美国民众的情绪和心理健康的影响。
The emotional and mental health impact of the murder of George Floyd on the US population.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
Institute for Human-Centered AI, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Sep 28;118(39). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2109139118.
On May 25, 2020, George Floyd, an unarmed Black American male, was killed by a White police officer. Footage of the murder was widely shared. We examined the psychological impact of Floyd's death using two population surveys that collected data before and after his death; one from Gallup (117,568 responses from = 47,355) and one from the US Census (409,652 responses from = 319,471). According to the Gallup data, in the week following Floyd's death, anger and sadness increased to unprecedented levels in the US population. During this period, more than a third of the US population reported these emotions. These increases were more pronounced for Black Americans, nearly half of whom reported these emotions. According to the US Census Household Pulse data, in the week following Floyd's death, depression and anxiety severity increased among Black Americans at significantly higher rates than that of White Americans. Our estimates suggest that this increase corresponds to an additional 900,000 Black Americans who would have screened positive for depression, associated with a burden of roughly 2.7 million to 6.3 million mentally unhealthy days.
2020 年 5 月 25 日，一名手无寸铁的非裔美国男性弗洛伊德被一名白人警察杀害。其谋杀案的录像被广泛传播。我们使用两项在弗洛伊德去世前后收集数据的人群调查来研究弗洛伊德之死的心理影响；一项来自盖洛普（来自 47355 人的 117568 份回应），另一项来自美国人口普查（来自 319471 人的 409652 份回应）。根据盖洛普的数据，在弗洛伊德去世后的一周内，美国人的愤怒和悲伤情绪达到了前所未有的水平。在此期间，超过三分之一的美国人报告了这些情绪。这些情绪的增加在非裔美国人中更为明显，近一半的人报告了这些情绪。根据美国人口普查家庭脉搏数据，在弗洛伊德去世后的一周内，黑人群体中抑郁和焦虑严重程度的增加速度明显快于白人群体。我们的估计表明，这一增长相当于新增 90 万可能被诊断为抑郁症的美国黑人，这与大约 270 万至 630 万精神不健康天数的负担相对应。
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