Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, King Henry I Street, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK.
Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois Rivières, QC, Canada.
Learn Behav. 2022 Jun;50(2):233-241. doi: 10.3758/s13420-021-00484-3. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
Exploration is one of the most powerful behaviours that drive learning from infancy to adulthood. The aim of the current study was to examine the role of novelty and subjective preference in visual exploration. To do this, we combined a visual exploration task with a subjective evaluation task, presenting novel and familiar pictures. The first goal was to ascertain whether, as demonstrated in babies, short habituation favors visual exploration of familiarity, whereas longer habituation leads to an exploration of novelty. The second goal was to evaluate the influence of familiarization on participants' subjective evaluation of the stimuli. When presented with novel and very familiar stimuli, participants explored the novel stimuli more. In line with the optimal-level of arousal model, participants showed more positive evaluations of the semi-familiar stimuli compared with very familiar or very novel ones.
探索是从婴儿期到成年期推动学习的最强大行为之一。本研究的目的是检验新奇感和主观偏好在视觉探索中的作用。为此，我们将视觉探索任务与主观评估任务相结合，呈现新的和熟悉的图片。第一个目标是确定是否像在婴儿中所证明的那样，短习惯化有利于对熟悉度的视觉探索，而较长的习惯化则导致对新奇度的探索。第二个目标是评估熟悉度对参与者对刺激物主观评价的影响。当呈现新的和非常熟悉的刺激物时，参与者更多地探索新的刺激物。与最佳唤醒水平模型一致，参与者对半熟悉的刺激物的评价比非常熟悉或非常新颖的刺激物更为积极。
