Dong Ren G, Welcome Daniel E, Xu Xueyan S, McDowell Thomas W
Physical Effects Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
Int J Ind Ergon. 2020 May;77. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2020.102946.
The objective of this study is to identify effective engineering methods for controlling handheld workpiece vibration during grinding processes. Prolonged and intensive exposures to such vibration can cause hand-arm vibration syndrome among workers performing workpiece grinding, but how to effectively control these exposures remains an important issue. This study developed a methodology for performing their analyses and evaluations based on a model of the entire grinding machine-workpiece-hand-arm system. The model can simulate the vibration responses of a workpiece held in the worker's hands and pressed against a grinding wheel in order to shape the workpiece in the major frequency range of concern (6.3-1600 Hz). The methodology was evaluated using available experimental data. The results suggest that the methodology is acceptable for these analyses and evaluations. The results also suggest that the workpiece vibration resulting from the machine vibration generally depends on two mechanisms or pathways: (1) the direct vibration transmission from the grinding machine; and (2) the indirect transmission that depends on both the machine vibration transmission to the workpiece and the interface excitation transformation to the workpiece vibration. The methodology was applied to explore and/or analyze various engineering methods for controlling workpiece vibrations. The modeling results suggest that while these intervention methods have different advantages and limitations, some of their combinations can effectively reduce the vibration exposures of grinding workers. These findings can be used as guidance for selecting and developing more effective technologies to control handheld workpiece vibration exposures.
本研究的目的是确定在磨削过程中控制手持工件振动的有效工程方法。长时间高强度暴露于此类振动会导致从事工件磨削的工人患上手臂振动综合征，但如何有效控制这些暴露仍是一个重要问题。本研究基于整个磨床 - 工件 - 手臂系统模型开发了一种进行分析和评估的方法。该模型可以模拟工人手中握持并压靠在砂轮上的工件的振动响应，以便在主要关注频率范围（6.3 - 1600赫兹）内对工件进行加工。使用现有的实验数据对该方法进行了评估。结果表明该方法适用于这些分析和评估。结果还表明，由机床振动引起的工件振动通常取决于两种机制或途径：（1）从磨床直接传递振动；（2）间接传递，这既取决于机床向工件的振动传递，也取决于界面激励向工件振动的转换。该方法被应用于探索和/或分析控制工件振动的各种工程方法。建模结果表明，虽然这些干预方法有不同的优点和局限性，但它们的一些组合可以有效降低磨削工人的振动暴露。这些发现可作为选择和开发更有效技术以控制手持工件振动暴露的指导。
