Starck J, Jussi P, Ilmari P
Institute of Occupational Health, Laboratory of Physics, Vantaa, Finland.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990 Apr;51(4):179-84. doi: 10.1080/15298669091369510.
Predicted and observed prevalences and latency periods of vibration-induced white finger (VWF) were examined among workers exposed to hand-arm vibration. The different physical characteristics of vibration--spectra and impulsiveness--were measured. The following groups of workers were included in the study: forest workers (n = 199), pedestal grinders (n = 12), stone workers (n = 16), shipyard workers (n = 171), and platers (n = 5). The exposure to vibration was measured according to the ISO 5349 method. The impulsiveness of vibration was defined as the difference between peak levels and RMS levels. A good agreement was observed between the predicted and observed data for prevalence and latency of VWF in the forest workers. For the tools with high impulsiveness used in grinding, stone works, and shipyard assembly hall, the results were nonconfirmative; and there was a poor correlation between vibration and VWF. The ISO 5349 standard does not consider the high peak values of the vibration signal which may comprise high-frequency components and cause short transients in the underlying tissue of the worker's hand. These characteristics in vibration may be hazardous in the genesis of VWF and cannot be predicted when measuring vibration by the present standard method.
在接触手臂振动的工人中，对振动性白指（VWF）的预测患病率和观察患病率以及潜伏期进行了检查。测量了振动的不同物理特性——频谱和脉冲性。本研究纳入了以下几组工人：林业工人（n = 199）、台式磨工（n = 12）、石匠（n = 16）、造船厂工人（n = 171）和电镀工（n = 5）。根据ISO 5349方法测量振动暴露情况。振动的脉冲性定义为峰值水平与均方根水平之间的差值。在林业工人中，观察到VWF患病率和潜伏期的预测数据与观察数据之间具有良好的一致性。对于磨削、石材加工和造船厂装配车间使用的具有高脉冲性的工具，结果不具有确定性；并且振动与VWF之间的相关性较差。ISO 5349标准未考虑振动信号的高峰值，这些高峰值可能包含高频成分，并在工人手部的深层组织中引起短暂瞬变。振动的这些特性在VWF的发生过程中可能具有危险性，并且在采用当前标准方法测量振动时无法预测。
