Xie Yao, Wang Lin, Wang Tingting
Department of Dermatovenerology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Oncol. 2021 Sep 6;11:681197. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681197. eCollection 2021.
Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is a rare malignancy of cutaneous adnexal carcinoma, with only 136 cases reported in the literature to date. It usually has an indolent course and benign clinical evolution, and only four cases with regional and distant metastasis have been reported. Tumor cells present with the characteristics of trichilemmal differentiation on both histological and immunohistological examination.
We report a case of TC on the scalp with an aggressive course and metastasis to the ipsilateral neck. Moreover, the lesions presented with two distinct histological morphologies.
Despite an indolent course and benign clinical evolution, TC has the potential for local invasion and recurrence, which implies that accurate early diagnosis and careful follow-up are very important for these patients. More than one specimen should be obtained for histopathological examinations when the lesion is very large and characterized by different morphologies.
外毛根鞘癌（TC）是一种罕见的皮肤附属器恶性肿瘤，迄今为止文献中仅报道了136例。它通常病程进展缓慢，临床演变呈良性，仅报道过4例发生区域和远处转移的病例。肿瘤细胞在组织学和免疫组织学检查中均表现出外毛根鞘分化的特征。
我们报告1例发生于头皮的外毛根鞘癌，病程进展迅速并转移至同侧颈部。此外，病变呈现出两种不同的组织学形态。
尽管外毛根鞘癌病程进展缓慢且临床演变呈良性，但仍有局部侵袭和复发的可能，这意味着准确的早期诊断和仔细的随访对这些患者非常重要。当病变非常大且具有不同形态特征时，应获取多个标本进行组织病理学检查。
