Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2021 Nov 30;317:111367. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111367. Epub 2021 Aug 20.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by changes in both rest and task states as manifested in temporal dynamics (EEG) and spatial patterns (fMRI). Are rest and task changes related to each other? Extending the "Resting state hypothesis of depression" (RSHD) (Northoff et al., 2011), we, using multimodal imaging, take a tripartite approach: (i) we conduct a review of EEG studies in MDD combining both rest and task states; (ii) we present our own EEG data in MDD on brain dynamics, i.e., intrinsic neural timescales as measured by the autocorrelation window (ACW); and (iii) we review fMRI studies in MDD to probe whether different regions exhibit different rest-task modulation. Review of EEG data shows reduced rest-task change in MDD in different measures of temporal dynamics like peak frequency (and others). Notably, our own EEG data show decreased rest-task change as measured by ACW in frontal electrodes of MDD. The fMRI data reveal that different regions exhibit different rest-task relationships (normal rest-abnormal task, abnormal rest-normal task, abnormal rest-abnormal task) in MDD. Together, we demonstrate altered spatiotemporal dynamics of rest-task modulation in MDD; this further supports and extends the key role of the spontaneous activity in MDD as proposed by the RSHD.
重度抑郁症（MDD）的特征是静息和任务状态都发生变化，表现在时间动态（EEG）和空间模式（fMRI）上。静息和任务变化是否相关？扩展“抑郁症的静息状态假说”（RSHD）（Northoff 等人，2011），我们使用多模态成像，采用三分法：（i）我们对 MDD 的 EEG 研究进行综述，结合静息和任务状态；（ii）我们展示了我们自己在 MDD 中关于大脑动力学的 EEG 数据，即通过自相关窗口（ACW）测量的内在神经时间尺度；（iii）我们综述了 MDD 中的 fMRI 研究，以探讨不同区域是否表现出不同的静息-任务调节。对 EEG 数据的综述表明，在不同的时间动态测量中，如峰值频率（和其他），MDD 的静息-任务变化减少。值得注意的是，我们自己的 EEG 数据显示，MDD 的额部电极的 ACW 测量的静息-任务变化减少。fMRI 数据显示，在 MDD 中，不同区域表现出不同的静息-任务关系（正常静息-异常任务、异常静息-正常任务、异常静息-异常任务）。总的来说，我们证明了 MDD 中静息-任务调节的时空动态发生了改变；这进一步支持和扩展了 RSHD 提出的自发性活动在 MDD 中的关键作用。
