Prospects and future perspectives of selenium nanoparticles: An insight of growth promoter, antioxidant and anti-bacterial potentials in productivity of poultry.

Nanoparticles have been attracted attention in poultry research due to their low toxicity, higher bio-availability, high surface area with sustained drug release. Dietary supplementation with selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) plays a regulatory role in maintaining growth performance, feed conversion ratio (FCR), antioxidant defense as well as microbial control. Se-NPs have emerging importance in modulating intestinal health through the maintenance of beneficial microbes (microflora) as well as the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Se-NPs regulate intrinsic redox status by scavenging free radicals. The antioxidant potentiality of Se-NPs is influenced by the activation of the seleno-enzymes such as thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase family (GPx) involved in scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The emerging significance of Se-NPs on antimicrobial activity has been exploited due to their bio-accumulative effects and biocompatibility potentiality in the cellular systems against poultry pathogens. The present review highlights on growth performance, antioxidant defense, and anti-bacterial potentiality of Se-NPs in poultry and also provide insight into its significance in the poultry industry.