Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2021 Dec 8;23(47):26653-26660. doi: 10.1039/d1cp02442f.
The recent discovery of electromechanical coupling in elastomers showed periodic electrification in phase with rubber stretching but following different electrostatic potential patterns. In this work, a Kelvin electrode monitored silicone and natural rubber electrification for extended periods until the rubber tubing underwent rupture. The electric potential of the rubber follows regular, quasi-sinusoidal patterns at the beginning and during the whole run, except when close to rubber fatigue failure, changing into complex waveforms. The attractors on natural latex and silicone rubber become chaotic at roughly 50 seconds before rubber rupture when the nearby orbits diverge wildly. Thus, mechanical-to-electrical transduction in rubber alerts fatigue failure nearly one minute ahead of the breakdown. Moreover, electrostatic potential maps of stretched rubbers show the electrification of the rupture sites, evidencing the electrostatic contribution to the breakdown. These results show the convenient features of electromechanical coupling in rubbers for the non-contact, real-time prediction of the rubber fatigue failure, adding to the possibility of environmental energy harvesting.
最近在弹性体中发现的机电耦合现象表明，在橡胶拉伸过程中存在周期性的带电现象，与橡胶拉伸同步，但静电势模式不同。在这项工作中，使用 Kelvin 电极监测硅橡胶和天然橡胶的带电情况，持续监测一段时间，直到橡胶管发生破裂。在橡胶管开始拉伸和整个拉伸过程中，橡胶的电势遵循规则的、准正弦模式，除非接近橡胶疲劳失效，此时会变成复杂的波形。在橡胶破裂前大约 50 秒，天然乳胶和硅橡胶的吸引子变得混乱，附近的轨道剧烈发散。因此，橡胶的机械到电的转换在橡胶失效前将近一分钟就发出了疲劳失效的警报。此外，拉伸橡胶的静电势图显示了破裂部位的带电情况，证明了静电对击穿的贡献。这些结果表明了橡胶中机电耦合的便利特性，可用于非接触式、实时预测橡胶的疲劳失效，增加了环境能量收集的可能性。
