Vardimon A D, Lambertz W
Am J Orthod. 1986 Jan;89(1):56-66. doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(86)90112-0.
Inconsistency in torque data on diverse straight-wire appliance (SWA) attachments calls for reassessment of the SWA theories. This study evaluates the SWA theories and suggests predictive torque models. A custom-made torque angle gauge was used on models from 54 ideal occlusion subjects (34 orthodontically treated and 20 untreated cases). This study is in close agreement with Andrews' mean torque values except those for the upper incisors. No agreement is found with Ricketts' torque data. A SD of +/- 5 degrees is characteristic for all teeth. Therefore, the maximal arch wire in a 0.018-inch slot that will not produce deleterious effects is 0.016 X 0.022 inches using Andrews' data and 0.016 X 0.016 inches with Ricketts' data. Neither the setup procedure nor the morphometric parameters predict individual torque data. Intertooth torque correlations indicate that the first premolar in each arch is the tooth of choice for predictive purposes, with unpredictability in the upper arch. Intertooth torque correlations demonstrate a systematic arrangement defined as follows: (1) a lower torque value for a known tooth indicates a lower value for a predicted tooth, (2) neighboring teeth show the strongest coefficient of correlation, and (3) intertooth torque correlations are ranked according to dental fields, showing a similar genetic pattern to tooth morphology.
不同直丝弓矫治器（SWA）附件的扭矩数据不一致，这就需要重新评估SWA理论。本研究对SWA理论进行了评估，并提出了预测扭矩模型。在54例理想咬合受试者（34例正畸治疗病例和20例未治疗病例）的模型上使用了定制的扭矩角度测量仪。除上颌切牙外，本研究结果与Andrews的平均扭矩值高度一致。未发现与Ricketts扭矩数据一致的情况。所有牙齿的标准差为±5度。因此，根据Andrews的数据，在0.018英寸托槽中不会产生有害影响的最大弓丝为0.016×0.022英寸；根据Ricketts的数据，则为0.016×0.016英寸。无论是排牙程序还是形态测量参数都无法预测个体扭矩数据。牙间扭矩相关性表明，每个牙弓中的第一前磨牙是预测目的的首选牙齿，而上颌牙弓则具有不可预测性。牙间扭矩相关性显示出一种系统排列，定义如下：（1）已知牙齿的较低扭矩值表明预测牙齿的扭矩值也较低；（2）相邻牙齿的相关性系数最强；（3）牙间扭矩相关性根据牙列区域进行排序，显示出与牙齿形态相似的遗传模式。
