University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2021 Sep 16;28(3):414-418. doi: 10.26444/aaem/137653. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
Fusaria are microscopic filamentous fungi which are spread in soil, in various organic substrates, and include more than 80 phytopathogenic species which are predominantly hosted by cereals, fruits and vegetables. Many of these species, under certain conditions, are capable of synthesizing secondary metabolites, mycotoxins. At present, various substances are used for their elimination and one of the solutions appears to be essential oils. In the presented study, the antifungal activity of essential oils was researched in vitro.
In this study, two standard fungal isolates CCM F-683 and CCM 8244 (Brno, Czech Republic) were used. The antifungal effect of 6 tested essential oils () was determined using the broth microdilution method, which allows reading of the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration). According to the results obtained, the growth inhibition of Fusarium graminearum was determined by assay for the inhibition of radial growth of the mycelium.
The inhibitory effects of thymus, oregano, basil, myristica, hyssop and syzygium essential oil (EO) on mycelial growth of CCM F-683 and CCM 8244 were investigated. The best antifungal activity against the both strains of (37.4%; 40.7%) was demonstrated by Origanum vulgare EO at the concentration 100 µg/mL. Among the four tested oils, three () achieved the best inhibitory effect (100%) at concentrations 500 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL.
In the protection of plants against pathogenic fungi, essential oils appear to be a suitable substitute for synthetic chemicals.
镰刀菌是一种微小的丝状真菌，分布在土壤中、各种有机基质中，包括 80 多种主要寄生于谷物、水果和蔬菜的植物病原性物种。在某些条件下，许多这些物种能够合成次生代谢物，即霉菌毒素。目前，人们使用各种物质来消除这些毒素，其中一种解决方案似乎是使用精油。在本研究中，体外研究了精油的抗真菌活性。
本研究使用了两个标准真菌分离株 CCM F-683 和 CCM 8244（捷克共和国布尔诺）。使用肉汤微量稀释法测定了 6 种测试精油（）的抗真菌作用，该方法允许读取 MIC（最小抑菌浓度）。根据获得的结果，通过测定菌丝径向生长的抑制来确定对镰刀菌生长的抑制作用。
研究了百里香、牛至、罗勒、肉豆蔻、薰衣、丁香精油（EO）对 CCM F-683 和 CCM 8244 菌丝生长的抑制作用。在 100µg/mL 浓度下，牛至精油（Origanum vulgare EO）对两种菌株表现出最佳的抗真菌活性（37.4%；40.7%）。在测试的四种油中，有三种（）在 500µg/mL 和 1000µg/mL 浓度下达到最佳抑制效果（100%）。
在保护植物免受致病真菌侵害方面，精油似乎是合成化学品的合适替代品。
