Retinoic acid as antileukemic therapy in a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia and Aspergillus pneumonia.

A patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and laboratory evidence of fibrinolysis who could not be treated with aggressive cytostatic regimens because of Aspergillus pneumonia was treated with cis-retinoic acid (RA), a substance that can induce differentiation and maturation of APL cells. After seven weeks of daily oral treatment, he went into complete remission, and signs of coagulopathy disappeared. Meanwhile, the Aspergillus pneumonia could be treated adequately. Based on the experience in this single patient, RA deserves further evaluation in the treatment of APL.