Developmental and tissue-specific expression directed by the alpha 2 type I collagen promoter in transgenic mice.

Eight transgenic mice were generated in which the promoter of the mouse alpha 2(I) collagen gene (nucleotides -2000 to +54), linked to the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), is stably integrated in the germ line. These strains contain from 1 to 20 copies of the alpha 2(I) collagen-CAT chimeric gene per haploid genome. In seven of the eight strains, the CAT gene is expressed, although the levels of CAT enzyme activity vary considerably from one strain to the other. In six of these strains, the expression of the CAT gene follows the expected tissue distribution pattern of expression of the alpha 2(I) collagen gene. In these six strains, the level of CAT activity is much higher in extracts of tail, a tissue that is very rich in tendons, than in any other tissue that was tested. This distribution parallels the much higher levels of alpha 2(I) collagen RNA that are found in the tail as compared to other tissues. Expression of the chimeric gene is detected in the embryo after 8.5 days of gestation, at approximately the same time that the endogenous type I genes become active. We conclude that the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter sequences present in the recombinant plasmid used for our experiments contain sufficient information to ensure stage- and tissue-specific activity of this promoter.