Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Florida International University, AHC-3 Room 323, 1200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199
University of Iowa, College of Nursing, Iowa City, IA, P.O. Box 1881, Marrero, LA 70073
J Natl Black Nurses Assoc. 2021 Jul;32(1):1-9.
Pregnancy in the presence of COVID-19 increases the risk for illness severity. Data suggest that pregnant women with COVID-19 are more likely to be hospitalized, to be admitted to the intensive care unit, and to require life support. Vaccination is currently considered the most effective preventive intervention against COVID-19 in the United States. However, the unsurprising exclusion of pregnant women as participants in initial COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials has led to a gap in the scientific data regarding the safety profile and subsequent use of COVID-19 vaccine for women who are pregnant. Experts believe current COVID-19 vaccines developed using either mRNA or viral vector vaccine technologies and authorized for emergency use by the United States Food and Drug Administration are unlikely to pose obstetrical or neonatal risks. Still, current vaccination recommendations for women who are pregnant have been both mixed and contradictory. The need to expeditiously identify, collate, and disseminate available vaccine-related safety data is critical to preventing severe illness while also advancing the health and wellness of an underserved high-risk population subgroup.
在新冠疫情大流行期间怀孕会增加疾病严重程度的风险。有数据表明，感染新冠病毒的孕妇更有可能住院、入住重症监护病房，以及需要生命支持。接种疫苗目前被认为是美国预防新冠病毒最有效的干预措施。然而，令人惊讶的是，最初的新冠病毒疫苗临床试验排除了孕妇作为参与者，这导致了有关安全性概况以及随后在孕妇中使用新冠病毒疫苗的科学数据存在空白。专家认为，目前使用 mRNA 或病毒载体疫苗技术开发并获得美国食品和药物管理局紧急使用授权的新冠病毒疫苗不太可能对产科或新生儿造成风险。尽管如此，目前针对孕妇的疫苗接种建议一直存在分歧和矛盾。当务之急是迅速识别、整理和传播现有的疫苗相关安全性数据，这对于预防严重疾病具有重要意义，同时也有助于推进服务不足的高危人群亚组的健康和福祉。
