Romaniak Grzegorz, Dybowski Konrad, Jędrzejczak Anna, Sobczyk-Guzenda Anna, Januszewicz Bartłomiej, Szymański Witold, Kowalczyk Paulina, Kaźmierczak Tomasz, Siniarski Jan, Kula Piotr
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Amii Sp. z o.o., 22 Techniczna St., 92-518 Lodz, Poland.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Aug 31;11(9):679. doi: 10.3390/membranes11090679.
Graphene has been considered as a material that may overcome the limitations of polymer semi-permeable membranes in water treatment technology. However, monolayer graphene still suffers from defects that cause leakage. Here, we report a method of sealing defects in graphene transferred onto porous polymer substrate via reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The influence of various reducing agents (e.g., vitamin C, hydrazine) on the properties of rGO was investigated by SEM, Raman, FTIR, and XRD. Subsequently, membranes based on graphene/reduced graphene oxide were tested in a forward osmosis system using sodium chloride (NaCl). The effect of the effectiveness of the reduction of graphene oxide, the type and number of attached groups, the change in the distance between the rGO flakes, and the structure of this material were examined in terms of filtration efficiency. As a result, semi-permeable centimetre-scale membranes with ion blocking efficiency of up to 90% and water flux of 20 mL h m bar were proposed.
石墨烯被认为是一种可以克服聚合物半透膜在水处理技术中局限性的材料。然而，单层石墨烯仍然存在导致渗漏的缺陷。在此，我们报道了一种通过还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）来密封转移到多孔聚合物基底上的石墨烯中缺陷的方法。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）研究了各种还原剂（如维生素C、肼）对rGO性能的影响。随后，基于石墨烯/还原氧化石墨烯的膜在使用氯化钠（NaCl）的正向渗透系统中进行了测试。从过滤效率方面考察了氧化石墨烯还原效果、附着基团的类型和数量、rGO薄片之间距离的变化以及这种材料的结构的影响。结果，提出了离子阻断效率高达90%且水通量为20 mL h⁻¹ m⁻² bar⁻¹的厘米级半透膜。
