Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Faculty of Food Science Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 18;13(9):667. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090667.
The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the crop season, cultivation region, and traditional pre- and post-harvest agricultural practices on mycotoxin contamination in the Mekong Delta rice chain of Vietnam. The results showed that aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) were predominantly detected in both paddy ( = 91/184, 50%) and white rice ( = 9/46, 20%). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated paddy samples ( = 3) exceeded the regulatory threshold (5 µg·kg). The contamination of paddy with AFs and FBs was not significantly different by growing seasons and cultivation localities. Evidently, in the winter-spring season, fumonisins frequently occurred in paddy planted in Can Tho, while AFs were found in paddy planted in regions Dong Thap and An Giang, and such toxins were absent in Can Tho. Furthermore, the selection of paddy varieties strongly impacted the occurrence of these toxins, especially AFs, for example, line DT8 and Jasmine were susceptible to AFs and FBs. In addition, poor pre- and post-harvest practices (such as crop residue-free fields, fertilizer application, unsanitary means of transport, delayed drying time) had an impact on the AFs and FBs contamination. Our findings can help to understand the dynamics of AFs and FBs in the rice chain in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, leading to the mitigation of the contamination of AFs and FBs in rice.
本研究旨在评估作物季节、种植区域以及传统的收获前后农业实践对越南湄公河三角洲水稻链中霉菌毒素污染的影响。结果表明，黄曲霉毒素（AFs）和伏马菌素（FBs）主要存在于稻谷（=91/184，50%）和白米（=9/46，20%）中。受黄曲霉毒素 B1（AFB1）污染的稻谷样品（=3）超过了监管阈值（5μg·kg）。稻谷中 AFs 和 FBs 的污染与生长季节和种植地点没有显著差异。显然，在冬春季节，种植于芹苴的稻谷中常出现伏马菌素，而种植于同塔、前江和安江地区的稻谷中常出现黄曲霉毒素，而芹苴则不存在这些毒素。此外，稻谷品种的选择对这些毒素的发生有很大影响，特别是黄曲霉毒素，例如 DT8 品系和 Jasmine 品系易受 AFs 和 FBs 的影响。此外，收获前后的不良实践（如无作物残茬的田地、施肥、不卫生的运输方式、干燥时间延迟）也会影响 AFs 和 FBs 的污染。我们的研究结果可以帮助了解越南湄公河三角洲水稻链中 AFs 和 FBs 的动态，从而减轻大米中 AFs 和 FBs 的污染。
