Ganapathy Daarshini, Siddiqui Yasmeen, Ahmad Khairulmazmi, Adzmi Fariz, Ling Kong Lih
Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
Biology (Basel). 2021 Sep 18;10(9):930. doi: 10.3390/biology10090930.
Global increase in demand for palm oil has caused an intensification in oil palm plantation; however, production is greatly hindered by Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by . There are many approaches to controlling BSR, although, there is no accurate, sustainable and effective method to suppress completely. Hence, four phenolic compounds [Gallic acid (GA), Thymol (THY), Propolis (PRO) and Carvacrol (CARV)] were selected to evaluate their antifungal effect, ability to alter the mycelium morphology, and fungal cell integrity against . Significant differences ( < 0.05) were observed and 94% of inhibition was exerted by GA on growth. Scanning Electron Microscopy and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy observations revealed that GA and THY treatment caused severe damage to the mycelium and recorded the highest amount of sugar and electrolyte leakage. The study of cell integrity and morphological disruption has elucidated the reduction of cell viability. Generally, our findings confirm the fungistatic effects of GA and THY. The evolution of phenolic compounds during the phytopathology studies indicated their coherence in eradicating the . It is proposed that GA and THY had the potential to be developed further as a natural antifungal treatment to suppress .
全球对棕榈油需求的增加导致油棕种植的集约化；然而，生产受到由[病原菌名称缺失]引起的基干腐病（BSR）的严重阻碍。控制BSR有许多方法，尽管目前还没有一种准确、可持续且有效的方法能完全抑制[病原菌名称缺失]。因此，选择了四种酚类化合物[没食子酸（GA）、百里香酚（THY）、蜂胶（PRO）和香芹酚（CARV）]来评估它们对[病原菌名称缺失]的抗真菌效果、改变菌丝形态的能力以及对真菌细胞完整性的影响。观察到显著差异（P < 0.05），GA对[病原菌名称缺失]生长的抑制率达94%。扫描电子显微镜和高分辨率透射电子显微镜观察表明，GA和THY处理对菌丝体造成了严重损伤，并记录到最高的糖和电解质泄漏量。对细胞完整性和形态破坏的研究阐明了[病原菌名称缺失]细胞活力的降低。总体而言，我们的研究结果证实了GA和THY的抑菌作用。植物病理学研究中酚类化合物的演变表明它们在根除[病原菌名称缺失]方面具有一致性。建议GA和THY有进一步开发成为抑制[病原菌名称缺失]的天然抗真菌处理方法的潜力。
