Menshikov Mikhail, Zubkova Ekaterina, Stafeev Iuri, Parfyonova Yelena
Laboratory of Angiogenesis, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Health Ministry, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
Biomedicines. 2021 Sep 7;9(9):1178. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9091178.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells capable to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic directions, possessing immunomodulatory activity and a capability to stimulate angiogenesis. A scope of these features and capabilities makes MSC a significant factor of tissue homeostasis and repair. Among factors determining the fate of MSC, a prominent place belongs to autophagy, which is activated under different conditions including cell starvation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and some others. In addition to supporting cell homeostasis by elimination of protein aggregates, and non-functional and damaged proteins, autophagy is a necessary factor of change in cell phenotype on the process of cell differentiation. In present review, some mechanisms providing participation of autophagy in cell differentiation are discussed.
间充质干细胞（MSC）是多能细胞，能够向脂肪生成、成骨和成软骨方向分化，具有免疫调节活性和刺激血管生成的能力。这些特性和能力的范围使MSC成为组织稳态和修复的重要因素。在决定MSC命运的因素中，自噬占据显著地位，自噬在包括细胞饥饿、炎症、氧化应激等不同条件下被激活。除了通过清除蛋白质聚集体以及无功能和受损蛋白质来维持细胞稳态外，自噬还是细胞分化过程中细胞表型变化的必要因素。在本综述中，讨论了一些使自噬参与细胞分化的机制。
