Campillo-Davo Diana, Anguille Sébastien, Lion Eva
Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Sep 8;13(18):4519. doi: 10.3390/cancers13184519.
Despite the advent of novel therapies, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains associated with a grim prognosis. This is exemplified by 5-year overall survival rates not exceeding 30%. Even with frontline high-intensity chemotherapy regimens and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the majority of patients with AML will relapse. For these patients, treatment options are few, and novel therapies are urgently needed. Adoptive T-cell therapies represent an attractive therapeutic avenue due to the intrinsic ability of T lymphocytes to recognize tumor cells with high specificity and efficiency. In particular, T-cell therapies focused on introducing T-cell receptors (TCRs) against tumor antigens have achieved objective clinical responses in solid tumors such as synovial sarcoma and melanoma. However, contrary to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells with groundbreaking results in B-cell malignancies, the use of TCR-T cells for hematological malignancies is still in its infancy. In this review, we provide an overview of the status and clinical advances in adoptive TCR-T-cell therapy for the treatment of AML.
尽管新型疗法不断涌现，但急性髓系白血病（AML）的预后仍然不佳。5年总生存率不超过30%就例证了这一点。即便采用一线高强度化疗方案和异基因造血干细胞移植，大多数AML患者仍会复发。对于这些患者而言，治疗选择有限，迫切需要新型疗法。过继性T细胞疗法是一条颇具吸引力的治疗途径，因为T淋巴细胞具有以高特异性和高效率识别肿瘤细胞的内在能力。特别是，专注于引入针对肿瘤抗原的T细胞受体（TCR）的T细胞疗法已在滑膜肉瘤和黑色素瘤等实体瘤中取得了客观的临床反应。然而，与在B细胞恶性肿瘤中取得突破性成果的嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞不同，TCR-T细胞在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用仍处于起步阶段。在本综述中，我们概述了过继性TCR-T细胞疗法治疗AML的现状和临床进展。
