Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Institute for Innovation and Biomedical Research (IRIB), CNR, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Aug 26;12(9):1322. doi: 10.3390/genes12091322.
The centromere is a fundamental chromosome structure in which the macro-molecular kinetochore assembles and is bound by spindle microtubules, allowing the segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. Any alterations in kinetochore assembly or functioning or kinetochore-microtubule attachments jeopardize chromosome stability, leading to aneuploidy, a common feature of cancer cells. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) supervises this process, ensuring a faithful segregation of chromosomes. CENP-E is both a protein of the kinetochore and a crucial component of the SAC required for kinetochore-microtubule capture and stable attachment, as well as congression of chromosomes to the metaphase plate. As the function of CENP-E is restricted to mitosis, its haploinsufficiency has been used to study the induced cell aneuploidy; however, the gene expression profile triggered by CENP-E reduction in normal cells has never been explored. To fill this gap, here we investigated whether a gene network exists that is associated with an siRNA-induced 50% reduction in CENP-E and consequent aneuploidy. Gene expression microarray analyses were performed at early and late timepoints after transfection. Initially, cell cycle regulation and stress response pathways were downregulated, while afterwards pathways involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia and xenobiotic metabolism were altered. Collectively, our results suggest that CENP-E reduction triggers a gene expression program that recapitulates some features of tumor cells.
着丝粒是一种基本的染色体结构,其中的大型分子动粒组装并与纺锤体微管结合,允许在有丝分裂过程中姐妹染色单体的分离。动粒组装或功能的任何改变或动粒微管连接的改变都危及染色体的稳定性,导致非整倍体,这是癌细胞的一个常见特征。纺锤体组装检查点(SAC)监督这个过程,确保染色体的忠实分离。CENP-E 既是动粒的一种蛋白质,也是 SAC 的一个关键组成部分,对于动粒微管的捕获和稳定连接以及染色体向中期板的 congression 都是必需的。由于 CENP-E 的功能仅限于有丝分裂,其单倍不足已被用于研究诱导的细胞非整倍体;然而,从未探索过 CENP-E 减少在正常细胞中触发的基因表达谱。为了填补这一空白,我们在这里研究了是否存在与 siRNA 诱导的 CENP-E 减少和随后的非整倍体相关的基因网络。在转染后的早期和晚期进行了基因表达微阵列分析。最初,细胞周期调控和应激反应途径下调,而随后涉及上皮-间充质转化、缺氧和异生物质代谢的途径发生改变。总的来说,我们的结果表明,CENP-E 的减少触发了一个基因表达程序,该程序再现了肿瘤细胞的一些特征。