Haidt Andżelika, Gawryś Radosław, Szewczyk Maciej
Department of Forest Ecology, Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland.
Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Aug 25;11(9):2497. doi: 10.3390/ani11092497.
As a result of species protection in Poland, wolves now appear in places that are attractive for human recreation, increasing their exposure to dogs. This creates a risk of spontaneous direct interactions between these two canine species. Aggressive interactions between the gray wolf and the domestic dog lead to human-large predator conflicts. This study examined wolf-dog interactions using data collected in an online questionnaire and included questions related to factors that might influence the likelihood of interactions between these canines. One of the most important factors affecting the likelihood of interaction between a dog and a wolf was the distance between the dog and the human. The number of wolves was also important-the more wolves, the more likely they were to interact with dogs. The risk of interaction also significantly increases with decreasing distance to human settlements. There were also statistical differences in terms of the type of outdoor activity being engaged in. Hunting was seven times more likely to result in a wolf-dog interaction than normal walk. We postulate that the choices made by the human (dog control and type of recreation) caring for the dog are an important factor that can reduce the risk of direct contact between dogs and wolves.
由于波兰实施了物种保护措施，狼如今出现在对人类休闲活动具有吸引力的地方，这增加了它们与狗接触的机会。这就产生了这两种犬科动物之间自发直接互动的风险。灰狼与家犬之间的攻击性互动会导致人类与大型食肉动物的冲突。本研究利用在线问卷收集的数据对狼与狗的互动情况进行了调查，问卷包含了与可能影响这两种犬科动物互动可能性的因素相关的问题。影响狗与狼互动可能性的最重要因素之一是狗与人类之间的距离。狼的数量也很重要——狼的数量越多，它们与狗互动的可能性就越大。随着与人类定居点距离的缩短，互动风险也会显著增加。在从事的户外活动类型方面也存在统计学差异。狩猎导致狼与狗互动的可能性是正常散步的7倍。我们推测，照顾狗的人所做出的选择（狗的控制和休闲类型）是一个重要因素，它可以降低狗与狼直接接触的风险。
