Jeinie Mohammad Halim Bin, Guad Rhanye Mac, Hetherington Marion M, Gan Siew Hua, Aung Yin Nwe, Seng Wu Yuan, Lin Constance Liew Sat, George Ramlah, Sawatan Waidah, Nor Norazmir Md, Leik Nang Kham Oo, Mohd Daud Mohd Nazri Bin, Guad Shutie Fazila
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
Foods. 2021 Aug 30;10(9):2037. doi: 10.3390/foods10092037.
Nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) may guide healthy meal choices. Here, nutritional KAP was compared across school students in Sabah based on locality and gender. A cross-sectional survey of students aged 15-19 years was conducted using multistage sampling. Nutritional KAP was measured via questionnaire. Anthropometric measures of weight and height were taken in person to calculate body mass index (BMI). Among the 994 participants, 80% were urban and 60% were female (mean age 16.5 ± 0.6 yr). Most were of (23%) ethnicity. Measured height for age Z score (HAZ) and BMI for age Z score (BAZ) differed between urban and rural students (-1.2 ± 0.8 versus -1.5 ± 0.7 for HAZ; < 0.001; 0.2 ± 1.4 versus -0.1 ± 1.3; = 0.02, respectively). No difference in nutritional knowledge was found, although urban students prioritized having a healthy/balanced diet (59.55% versus 48.50%, = 0.03) and ate daily breakfast (57.4% versus 10.2%, < 0.001) compared to rural. Females scored higher on nutritional knowledge than males (18.9 ± 2.8 vs. 18.1 ± 3.4, respectively, = 0.0001), yet males selected more healthy/balanced foods (63.3% versus 53.3%, = 0.041). The gap remains between nutritional KAP and translating this to healthy eating among adolescents, related to locality and gender.
营养知识、态度和行为（KAP）可能会指导健康的饮食选择。在此，基于地区和性别，对沙巴州的在校学生的营养KAP进行了比较。采用多阶段抽样对15至19岁的学生进行了横断面调查。通过问卷调查来衡量营养KAP。亲自测量体重和身高的人体测量指标以计算体重指数（BMI）。在994名参与者中，80%为城市学生，60%为女性（平均年龄16.5±0.6岁）。大多数属于（23%）种族。城市和农村学生的年龄别身高Z评分（HAZ）和年龄别BMI Z评分（BAZ）存在差异（HAZ分别为-1.2±0.8与-1.5±0.7；<0.001；BAZ分别为0.2±1.4与-0.1±1.3；=0.02）。尽管与农村学生相比，城市学生更重视健康/均衡饮食（59.55%对48.50%，=0.03）且每天吃早餐（57.4%对10.2%，<0.001），但在营养知识方面未发现差异。女性在营养知识方面的得分高于男性（分别为18.9±2.8和18.1±3.4，=0.0001），然而男性选择了更多健康/均衡的食物（63.3%对53.3%，=0.041）。在青少年中，营养KAP与将其转化为健康饮食之间，因地区和性别仍存在差距。
