Marcus Andrew, Fox Glen
Food Science and Technology Department, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Foods. 2021 Sep 13;10(9):2159. doi: 10.3390/foods10092159.
The beer industry is a major producer of solid waste globally, primarily in the form of brewer's spent grain (BSG), which due to its low value has historically been diverted to livestock as feed or to landfills. However, its high moisture content and chemical composition positions BSG as an ideal candidate for further processing with microbial fermentation. Recent research has focused on filamentous fungi and the ability of some species therein to degrade the predominant recalcitrant cellulolignin components of BSG to produce valuable compounds. Many species have been investigated to biovalorize this waste stream, including those in the genuses , , and , which have been used to produce a wide array of highly valuable enzymes and other functional compounds, and to increase the nutritional value of BSG as an animal feed. This review of recent developments in the application of filamentous fungi for the valorization of BSG discusses the biochemical makeup of BSG, the biological mechanisms underlying fungi's primacy to this application, and the current applications of fungi in this realm.
啤酒行业是全球固体废弃物的主要产生者，主要形式为啤酒糟（BSG），由于其价值较低，历来被用作牲畜饲料或运往垃圾填埋场。然而，其高含水量和化学成分使BSG成为微生物发酵进一步加工的理想候选物。最近的研究集中在丝状真菌以及其中一些物种降解BSG中主要难降解纤维素木质素成分以产生有价值化合物的能力。许多物种已被研究用于使这种废物流生物增值，包括 、 、 和 属中的那些物种，它们已被用于生产各种高价值的酶和其他功能化合物，并提高BSG作为动物饲料的营养价值。这篇关于丝状真菌在BSG增值应用方面最新进展的综述讨论了BSG的生化组成、真菌在此应用中占主导地位的生物学机制以及真菌在该领域的当前应用。
