Nieto Muro Pablo, Heckmeier Florian M, Jenkins Sean, Breitsamter Christian
Chair of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, TUM Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Vectoflow GmbH, Friedrichshafener Str. 1, D-82205 Gilching, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;21(18):6218. doi: 10.3390/s21186218.
Ice accretion or icing is a well-known phenomenon that entails a risk for the correct functioning of an aircraft. One of the areas more vulnerable to icing is the air data measuring system. This paper studies the icing protection offered by a heating system installed inside a multi-hole probe. The problem is initially solved analytically, creating a tool that can be used in order to predict the heating performance depending on the flying conditions. Later, the performance of the real system is investigated with a heated five-hole probe prototype in a wind tunnel experiment. The measured results are compared with the predictions made by the analytical model. Last, the icing protection provided by the system is estimated with respect to flying altitude and speed. As a result, a prediction tool that can be used in order to make quick icing risk predictions for straight cylindrical probes is delivered. Furthermore, the study provides some understanding about how parameters like altitude and air speed affect the occurrence of ice accretion.
积冰是一种众所周知的现象，会给飞机的正常运行带来风险。空气数据测量系统是最容易受到积冰影响的区域之一。本文研究了安装在多孔探头内部的加热系统所提供的防冰保护。该问题首先通过解析方法解决，创建了一个工具，可用于根据飞行条件预测加热性能。之后，在风洞实验中使用加热的五孔探头原型对实际系统的性能进行了研究。将测量结果与解析模型的预测结果进行了比较。最后，评估了该系统在飞行高度和速度方面提供的防冰保护。结果，提供了一种可用于对直圆柱形探头快速进行结冰风险预测的工具。此外，该研究还对诸如高度和空速等参数如何影响积冰的发生提供了一些认识。
