Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Italian National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of the Visually Impaired-WHOCC, IAPB Italy Onlus-FPG IRCCS, 00185 Roma, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Sep 17;57(9):978. doi: 10.3390/medicina57090978.
: Vision impairments and related blindness are major public health problems. The prevalence of eye disease and barriers to optimal care markedly vary among different geographic areas. In the Abruzzo region (central Italy), an epidemiological surveillance on the state of ocular health in the population aged over 50 years was performed in 2019. : Participants were sampled to be representative of the region's inhabitants. Data were collected through a telephone interview and an eye examination. Prevalence of cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, and maculopathy was assessed. The Cohen's kappa (k) was used to measure the agreement between the presence of eye disease and awareness of the disease by the participants. : Overall, 983 people with a mean age of 66.0 ± 9.5 years were included in the study. The prevalence of cataracts, glaucoma, maculopathy, and retinopathy was 52.6%, 5.3%, 5.6%, and 29.1%, respectively. Among the total of the affected people, those aware of their condition were 21.8% (k = 0.12, slight agreement) for cataract, 65.4% (k = 0.78, substantial agreement) for glaucoma, 7.1% (k = 0.10, slight agreement) for maculopathy, and 0% for retinopathy (k = -0.004, agreement lower than that expected by chance). Refractive defects were corrected in the vast majority of participants. : In the Abruzzo region, about two thirds of citizens aged 50 years or over suffer from cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, or maculopathy, which are recognized as leading causes of blindness. Many people with eye disease do not know they have it. These data can be used by clinicians and policymakers to undertake clinical, political, and social actions.
: 视力障碍和相关失明是主要的公共卫生问题。眼病的患病率和获得最佳治疗的障碍在不同地理区域之间有显著差异。在意大利中部的阿布鲁佐地区，2019 年对 50 岁以上人群的眼部健康状况进行了一项流行病学监测。: 参与者是按照该地区居民的代表性进行抽样的。数据通过电话访谈和眼部检查收集。评估了白内障、青光眼、视网膜病变和黄斑病变的患病率。使用 Cohen's kappa（k）来衡量参与者中眼病的存在与对疾病的认识之间的一致性。: 共有 983 名平均年龄为 66.0 ± 9.5 岁的人纳入研究。白内障、青光眼、黄斑病变和视网膜病变的患病率分别为 52.6%、5.3%、5.6%和 29.1%。在所有受影响的人群中，意识到自己病情的人分别为白内障的 21.8%（k = 0.12，轻度一致）、青光眼的 65.4%（k = 0.78，显著一致）、黄斑病变的 7.1%（k = 0.10，轻度一致）和视网膜病变的 0%（k = -0.004，一致性低于预期）。绝大多数参与者的屈光不正得到了矫正。: 在阿布鲁佐地区，约三分之二的 50 岁及以上公民患有白内障、青光眼、视网膜病变或黄斑病变，这些疾病被认为是导致失明的主要原因。许多患有眼病的人并不知道自己患有该病。这些数据可供临床医生和政策制定者用于开展临床、政治和社会行动。
