Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Sep 18;57(9):985. doi: 10.3390/medicina57090985.
: Launay's external carotid vein (ECV) is poorly represented in the anatomical literature, although it is an occasional satellite of the external carotid artery (ECA). We aimed to establish the incidence and morphology of the ECV. : One hundred computed tomography angiograms were investigated, and ECVs were documented anatomically, when found. : Launay's vein was found in 3/200 sides (1.5%) in a male and two female cases. In two of these cases, the ECV was a replaced variant of the anterior division of the retromandibular vein (RMV), and the facial vein (FV) ended in the external jugular vein. In the third case with the ECV, the RMV was absent and the common FV that resulted from that ECV and the FV drained into the internal jugular vein. The ECV could also appear as an accessory RMV, not just as a replaced one. Additional variants were found, such as fenestration of the external jugular vein (EJV), the extracondylar vein draining the deep temporal veins and an arterial occipitoauricular trunk. : Surgical dissections of the ECA in the retromandibular space should carefully observe an ECV to avoid unwanted haemorrhagic events. Approaches of the neck of the mandible should also carefully distinguish the consistent extracondylar veins.
: Launay 颈外静脉（ECV）在解剖学文献中描述较少，尽管它是颈外动脉（ECA）的偶尔卫星。我们旨在确定 ECV 的发生率和形态。: 研究了 100 例计算机断层血管造影，发现 ECV 时记录其解剖结构。: 在 3/200 侧（1.5%）男性和 2 例女性中发现了 Launay 静脉。在其中 2 例中，ECV 是下颌后静脉（RMV）前部分支的替代变体，面静脉（FV）在颈外静脉结束。在第 3 例存在 ECV 的情况下，RMV 缺失，由此 ECV 和 FV 形成的普通 FV 流入颈内静脉。ECV 也可能表现为副 RMV，而不仅仅是替代变体。还发现了其他变体，例如颈外静脉（EJV）的窗孔、引流深部颞静脉的髁外静脉和动脉枕动脉干。: 在颌后间隙进行 ECA 的外科解剖时，应仔细观察 ECV，以避免不必要的出血事件。下颌颈的入路也应仔细区分一致的髁外静脉。
