Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Stomatology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Division of Neurosurgery, Department 6-Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Mar 21;59(3):622. doi: 10.3390/medicina59030622.
(1) : The external jugular vein (EJV) descends on the sternocleidomastoid muscle to drain deep into the subclavian vein. Anatomical variations of the EJV are relevant for identification of the greater auricular nerve, flap design and preparation, or EJV cannulation. (2) : Different publications were comprehensively reviewed. Dissections and three-dimensional volume renderings of peculiar cases were used to sample the review. (3) : Different anatomical possibilities of the EJV were critically reviewed and documented: fenestrations and double fenestrations, true or false duplications, triplication, absence, aberrant origin or course, or bifurcation. Tributaries of the EJV, such as the facial and posterior external jugular veins, are discussed. The internal jugular vein termination of the EJV is also presented. (4) : Care should be taken when different morphological features of the EJV are encountered or reported.
(1)：颈外静脉（EJV）沿胸锁乳突肌下降，深入注入锁骨下静脉。EJV 的解剖变异与耳大神经的识别、皮瓣设计和准备或 EJV 插管有关。
(2)：对不同的出版物进行了全面综述。对特殊病例的解剖和三维容积渲染进行了采样，以进行综述。
(3)：对 EJV 的不同解剖可能性进行了批判性回顾和记录：窗孔和双窗孔、真性或假性重复、三重、缺失、异常起源或走行、或分叉。还讨论了 EJV 的属支，如面静脉和后颈外静脉。EJV 汇入颈内静脉的终点也有所呈现。
(4)：当遇到或报告 EJV 的不同形态特征时，应加以注意。
