Wang Andrew B, Iwanaga Joe, Cardona Juan J, Olewnik Łukasz, Anadkat Samir, Tubbs R Shane
Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Feb 21;15(2):e35272. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35272. eCollection 2023 Feb.
Due to the importance of venous drainage of the head and neck in various pathological conditions, knowledge of anatomical variations is important to the clinician. Here we report a case of an unusual drainage pattern of the maxillary vein. A tributary of the left maxillary vein was found in a female cadaver (72 years old at the time of death) to travel through the medial aspect of the ramus of the mandible via an accessory mandibular foramen, which drains into the ipsilateral facial vein slightly proximal to the point where the anterior branch of the retromandibular and facial veins merged to form the left common facial vein. The diameter of the variant vein at the junction with the maxillary vein and at the junction with the facial vein was 1.0 mm and 1.1 mm, respectively. We report a previously unreported variant of the maxillary vein bypassing the retromandibular vein and draining directly into the facial vein. Knowledge of such a variant might help explain various complications such as hemorrhage and might prevent iatrogenic injury of the blood vessels during surgery in this region.
由于头颈部静脉引流在各种病理状况下的重要性，了解解剖变异对临床医生很重要。在此，我们报告一例上颌静脉不寻常引流模式的病例。在一具女性尸体（死亡时72岁）中发现，左上颌静脉的一条属支经一个副下颌孔穿过下颌支的内侧，在面后静脉前支与面静脉汇合形成左面总静脉的稍近端汇入同侧面静脉。变异静脉与上颌静脉交界处及与面静脉交界处的直径分别为1.0毫米和1.1毫米。我们报告了一种此前未报道过的上颌静脉变异，它绕过面后静脉，直接引流至面静脉。了解这种变异可能有助于解释诸如出血等各种并发症，并可能防止该区域手术期间血管的医源性损伤。
