Abdi Gisya, Alizadeh Abdolhamid, Grochala Wojciech, Szczurek Andrzej
Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Aug 31;11(9):2268. doi: 10.3390/nano11092268.
Doping and its consequences on the electronic features, optoelectronic features, and magnetism of graphynes (GYs) are reviewed in this work. First, synthetic strategies that consider numerous chemically and dimensionally different structures are discussed. Simultaneous or subsequent doping with heteroatoms, controlling dimensions, applying strain, and applying external electric fields can serve as effective ways to modulate the band structure of these new sp/sp allotropes of carbon. The fundamental band gap is crucially dependent on morphology, with low dimensional GYs displaying a broader band gap than their bulk counterparts. Accurately chosen precursors and synthesis conditions ensure complete control of the morphological, electronic, and physicochemical properties of resulting GY sheets as well as the distribution of dopants deposited on GY surfaces. The uniform and quantitative inclusion of non-metallic (B, Cl, N, O, or P) and metallic (Fe, Co, or Ni) elements into graphyne derivatives were theoretically and experimentally studied, which improved their electronic and magnetic properties as row systems or in heterojunction. The effect of heteroatoms associated with metallic impurities on the magnetic properties of GYs was investigated. Finally, the flexibility of doped GYs' electronic and magnetic features recommends them for new electronic and optoelectronic applications.
本文综述了掺杂及其对石墨炔（GYs）电子特性、光电特性和磁性的影响。首先，讨论了考虑多种化学和维度不同结构的合成策略。同时或随后用杂原子掺杂、控制尺寸、施加应变和施加外部电场可作为调节这些新型碳sp/sp同素异形体能带结构的有效方法。基本带隙关键取决于形态，低维石墨炔比其块状对应物显示出更宽的带隙。精确选择前驱体和合成条件可确保完全控制所得石墨炔片的形态、电子和物理化学性质以及沉积在石墨炔表面的掺杂剂分布。从理论和实验上研究了非金属（B、Cl、N、O或P）和金属（Fe、Co或Ni）元素均匀且定量地掺入石墨炔衍生物中，这改善了它们作为行系统或在异质结中的电子和磁性。研究了与金属杂质相关的杂原子对石墨炔磁性的影响。最后，掺杂石墨炔电子和磁性特征的灵活性使其适用于新型电子和光电子应用。
