Raciborski Filip, Samel-Kowalik Piotr, Gujski Mariusz, Pinkas Jarosław, Arcimowicz Magdalena, Jankowski Mateusz
Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Sep 8;9(9):1000. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9091000.
We aimed to assess the factors associated with a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 among adults in Poland three months after the introduction of mass vaccination against COVID-19 in Poland. This cross-sectional study was carried out between 8 and 18 April 2021 on a representative nationwide sample of 1131 inhabitants of Poland aged 18 and over. Almost one-third of adult inhabitants of Poland (30%; 95%CI: 27.4-32.7%) declared a lack of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Females had higher odds of refusing COVID-19 vaccination compared with males (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.25-2.27). The lack of higher education was significantly ( < 0.001) associated with greater odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination. Participants living in rural areas compared with those living in the largest cities (over 500,000 inhabitants) had three times higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 3.20; 95%CI: 1.71-6.01). Respondents who declared willingness to vote for one of the right-wing political parties publicly supporting the anti-vaccination movement in Poland had eight times higher odds (OR = 8.01; 95%CI: 3.65-17.60) of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination compared with other groups. Moreover, those who had three children or more, respondents who declared passivity towards participating in religious practices as well as active internet users had significantly higher odds of refusing the COVID-19 vaccination.
在波兰开展针对新冠病毒的大规模疫苗接种三个月后，我们旨在评估与波兰成年人中不愿接种新冠疫苗相关的因素。这项横断面研究于2021年4月8日至18日进行，以波兰1131名18岁及以上居民为具有全国代表性的样本。近三分之一的波兰成年居民（30%；95%置信区间：27.4 - 32.7%）表示不愿接种新冠疫苗。与男性相比，女性拒绝接种新冠疫苗的几率更高（比值比 = 1.68；95%置信区间：1.25 - 2.27）。未接受高等教育与拒绝接种新冠疫苗的几率显著增加（<0.001）相关。与居住在最大城市（超过50万居民）的人相比，居住在农村地区的参与者拒绝接种新冠疫苗的几率高出三倍（比值比 = 3.20；95%置信区间：1.71 - 6.01）。宣称愿意投票给波兰公开支持反疫苗运动的右翼政党之一的受访者，与其他群体相比，拒绝接种新冠疫苗的几率高出八倍（比值比 = 8.01；95%置信区间：3.65 - 17.60）。此外，有三个或更多孩子的人、宣称对参与宗教活动持消极态度的受访者以及活跃的互联网用户拒绝接种新冠疫苗的几率显著更高。
