College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2021 Oct;30(10):1047-1056. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1985461. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
The development of novel biomarkers for cancer has exploded over the last decade with advances in novel technologies. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a cancer of the bile ducts, has a dearth of strong disease and pathophysiology biomarkers, making early detection and prognostication a difficult task.
In this comprehensive review, we discuss the spectrum of biomarkers for CCA diagnosis and prognostication. We elaborate on novel biomarker discovery through a comprehensive multi-omics approach. We also cover, how certain biomarkers may also serve as unique and potent targets for therapeutic development.
Despite the relatively poor diagnostic and prognostic performance of existing biomarkers for CCA, there is a vast range of novel biomarkers with exquisite diagnostic and prognostic performance for CCA in the pipeline. Moreover, these biomarkers may serve as potential targets for precision medicine. Existing strategies to target unique biomolecular classes are discussed, within the context of an overall 'omics' focused profiling strategy. Omics profiling will simultaneously allow for enhanced biomarker development and identification of unique subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma and how they are influenced by an individual's unique context. In this manner, patient management strategy and clinical trial design can be optimized to the individual.
在过去十年中，随着新技术的进步，用于癌症的新型生物标志物的开发呈爆炸式增长。胆管癌（CCA）是一种胆管癌，缺乏强有力的疾病和病理生理学生物标志物，使得早期检测和预后成为一项艰巨的任务。
在这篇全面的综述中，我们讨论了 CCA 诊断和预后的生物标志物谱。我们详细介绍了通过综合多组学方法发现新型生物标志物。我们还介绍了某些生物标志物如何也可以作为治疗开发的独特而有效的靶点。
尽管现有的 CCA 生物标志物在诊断和预后方面的性能相对较差，但在管道中仍有大量具有出色诊断和预后性能的新型 CCA 生物标志物。此外，这些生物标志物可能成为精准医学的潜在靶点。本文讨论了针对独特生物分子类别的现有策略，以及在整体“组学”为重点的分析策略背景下。组学分析将同时允许增强生物标志物的开发，并确定胆管癌的独特亚型以及它们如何受到个体独特背景的影响。通过这种方式，可以针对个体优化患者管理策略和临床试验设计。
