Zhang Shi-Qing, Song Yu-Xuan, Zhang Wen-Xue, Chen Ming-Jun, Man Shu-Li
College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin 300457, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2021 Sep;46(17):4360-4366. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210610.701.
Diosgenin is widely distributed in many plants, such as Polygonatum sibiricum, Paris polyphylla, Dioscorea oppositifolia, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Costus speciosus, Tacca chantrieri, which has good anti-tumor activity and preferable effects on preventing atherosclerosis, protecting the heart, treating diabetes, etc. This review combed through the anti-tumor mechanisms of diosgenin encompassing lung, breast, gallbladder, liver, oral cavity, stomach, bladder, bone marrow, etc. Besides, it was discovered that diosgenin mainly exerts its effect by inhibiting tumor cell migration, suppressing tumor cell proliferation and growth, and inducing cell apoptosis. However, problems like low yield and bioavailability frequently exist in natural diosgenin. This review introduced methods such as structural modification, dosage form optimization and combination medication to improve the yield and anti-tumor activity of diosgenin. Via the summary of this paper, it is expected to provide theoretical basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of diosgenin.
薯蓣皂苷元广泛分布于多种植物中，如黄精、七叶一枝花、山药、胡芦巴、闭鞘姜、箭根薯等，具有良好的抗肿瘤活性，对预防动脉粥样硬化、保护心脏、治疗糖尿病等有较好作用。本综述梳理了薯蓣皂苷元在肺癌、乳腺癌、胆囊癌、肝癌、口腔癌、胃癌、膀胱癌、骨髓癌等方面的抗肿瘤机制。此外，发现薯蓣皂苷元主要通过抑制肿瘤细胞迁移、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和生长以及诱导细胞凋亡发挥作用。然而，天然薯蓣皂苷元经常存在产量低和生物利用度低等问题。本综述介绍了结构修饰、剂型优化和联合用药等方法来提高薯蓣皂苷元的产量和抗肿瘤活性。通过本文的总结，期望为薯蓣皂苷元的合理开发利用提供理论依据。
