Dalvie Shareefa, Chatzinakos Chris, Al Zoubi Obada, Georgiadis Foivos, Lancashire Lee, Daskalakis Nikolaos P
South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Neurobiol Stress. 2021 Sep 12;15:100393. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100393. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Many individuals will be exposed to some form of traumatic stress in their lifetime which, in turn, increases the likelihood of developing stress-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (ANX). The development of these disorders is also influenced by genetics and have heritability estimates ranging between ∼30 and 70%. In this review, we provide an overview of the findings of genome-wide association studies for PTSD, depression and ANX, and we observe a clear genetic overlap between these three diagnostic categories. We go on to highlight the results from transcriptomic and epigenomic studies, and, given the multifactorial nature of stress-related disorders, we provide an overview of the gene-environment studies that have been conducted to date. Finally, we discuss systems biology approaches that are now seeing wider utility in determining a more holistic view of these complex disorders.
许多人在一生中会经历某种形式的创伤性应激，这反过来又增加了患与应激相关疾病的可能性，如创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、重度抑郁症（MDD）和焦虑症（ANX）。这些疾病的发生也受遗传因素影响，遗传度估计在30%至70%之间。在这篇综述中，我们概述了创伤后应激障碍、抑郁症和焦虑症的全基因组关联研究结果，并观察到这三种诊断类别之间存在明显的遗传重叠。我们接着强调了转录组学和表观基因组学研究的结果，鉴于与应激相关疾病的多因素性质，我们概述了迄今为止进行的基因-环境研究。最后，我们讨论了系统生物学方法，这些方法现在在确定这些复杂疾病的更全面观点方面正得到更广泛的应用。
