Oral Health Prev Dent. 2021 Sep 30;19:471-480. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2081469.
Incomplete polymerisation processes produce several leachable substances. The aim of this work was to review, through existing research and published literature, the genotoxic effect of residual monomers of polymers used in restorative dentistry.
The selection of published studies was performed on six databases from January 2000 to June 2020. The keywords used were: 'genotoxicity' or 'DNA damage' and 'dental resin' or 'methacrylates' or 'residual monomers'. The selection was carried out according to the parameters and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Metanalyses (PRISMA) and was based on patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO). The inclusion criteria were: in vitro and in vivo studies published in English that evaluated genotoxicity for residual monomers leached from polymers related to restorative dentistry. Case reports and review articles were excluded.
Twenty-seven studies met the eligibility criteria. Two categories were constructed based on the experimental design, in vivo and in vitro reports. For the in vitro research, two main methods of assessing DNA damage were reported in selected studies: micronucleus (MN) counting and alkaline comet assay. For in vivo reports, the main method for assessing genotoxic damage was MN counting.
From the electronic search, structured data extraction, and analysis by different independent reviewers, results from the present systematic review allow us to conclude that DNA damage is induced by monomers/co-monomers (triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, bisphenol-A-glycidyl methacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) that are used in restorative dentistry. This systematic review highlights the need for more research on the use of monomers/co-monomers to properly assess clinical biocompatibility.
不完全聚合过程会产生多种可浸出物质。本研究旨在通过现有研究和已发表文献，综述用于修复牙科的聚合物残留单体的遗传毒性作用。
从 2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月，在六个数据库中对已发表的研究进行选择。使用的关键词是：“遗传毒性”或“DNA 损伤”和“牙科树脂”或“甲基丙烯酸酯”或“残留单体”。选择是根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）的参数和指南进行的，并且基于患者、干预、比较和结果（PICO）。纳入标准为：评估与修复牙科相关的聚合物浸出残留单体的遗传毒性的体外和体内研究，发表于英文期刊。排除病例报告和综述文章。
符合入选标准的研究有 27 项。基于实验设计构建了两个类别，即体内和体外报告。对于体外研究，在选定的研究中报道了两种评估 DNA 损伤的主要方法：微核（MN）计数和碱性彗星试验。对于体内报告，评估遗传毒性损伤的主要方法是 MN 计数。
通过电子搜索、结构化数据提取以及不同独立评审员的分析，本系统综述的结果使我们能够得出结论，即单体/共聚单体（三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、双酚 A 缩水甘油甲基丙烯酸酯、尿烷二甲基丙烯酸酯和 2-羟乙基甲基丙烯酸酯）在修复牙科中使用时会引起 DNA 损伤。本系统综述强调需要更多关于单体/共聚单体使用的研究，以正确评估临床生物相容性。
