2020 年巴西圣埃斯皮里图州儿童、青少年和青年人群 COVID-19 ：横断面研究。
COVID-19 in children, adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional study in Espírito Santo, Brazil, 2020.
机构信息
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Laboratório de Epidemiologia, Vitória, ES, Brasil.
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2021 Sep 22;30(4):e20201029. doi: 10.1590/S1679-49742021000400001. eCollection 2021.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze self-reported sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among individuals aged 2 to 22 years and possible associations with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Espírito Santo, Brazil.
METHODS
This was a serial cross-sectional population-based study carried out from May to June 2020. The COVID-19 positivity rate was assessed by serological testing, and associated factors were assessed using Pearson's chi-square test (5% significance level).
RESULTS
Among 1,693 individuals aged 2 to 22 years, 6.1% tested positive for COVID-19 and, among these, 35.5% did not present any symptoms. Differences were identified between positive and negative cases regarding the number of symptoms (p-value=0.001).Coughing was reported by 40.4% of positive individuals. Only 14.3% sought health care, namely 29.8% among those who tested positive and 13.3% among those who tested negative (p-value=0.001).
CONCLUSION
The percentage of asymptomatic patients can impact the COVID-19 transmission chain in schools and fuel outbreaks of the disease in schools.
目的
分析巴西圣埃斯皮里图州 2 至 22 岁个体的自我报告社会人口学和临床特征，以及与 SARS-CoV-2 感染的可能关联。
方法
这是一项 2020 年 5 月至 6 月期间进行的基于人群的连续横断面研究。通过血清学检测评估 COVID-19 阳性率，并使用 Pearson 卡方检验评估相关因素（5%显著性水平）。
结果
在 1693 名 2 至 22 岁的个体中，6.1%的人 COVID-19 检测呈阳性，其中 35.5%的人没有出现任何症状。阳性和阴性病例之间在症状数量上存在差异（p 值=0.001）。咳嗽在阳性个体中的报告率为 40.4%。只有 14.3%的人寻求医疗，其中阳性病例中有 29.8%，阴性病例中有 13.3%（p 值=0.001）。
结论
无症状患者的比例可能会影响学校中的 COVID-19 传播链，并引发学校中的疾病爆发。
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